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Strategy Markup Language (StratML)

A Worldwide Web of Intentions, Stakeholders, and Results



Definition & Purposes | Current Work & Results | Forms | Documents | Protoype Services | History | See Also


Strategy Markup Language (StratML) Part 1 is an XML vocabulary and schema for strategic plans. Its purposes include:
  • Facilitate the sharing, referencing, indexing, discovery, linking, reuse, and analyses of the elements of strategic plans, including goal and objective statements as well as the names and descriptions of stakeholder groups and any other content commonly included in strategic plans.
  • Enable the concept of "strategic alignment" to be realized in literal linkages among goal and objective statements and all other records created by organizations in the routine course of their business processes.
  • Facilitate the discovery of potential performance partners who share common goals and objectives and/or either produce inputs needed or require outputs produced by the organization compiling the strategic plan.
  • Facilitate stakeholder feedback on strategic goals and objectives.
  • Facilitate updating and maintenance of  discrete elements of strategic plans without requiring review and approval of the entire plan through bureaucratic channels, thereby helping to make the strategic planning process more agile and responsive to stakeholder feedback and changing circumstances, thus helping to overcome the tendency of strategic plans to become outdated "shelfware".
  • Reduce the needless time, effort, inconsistencies, and delays associated with maintaining data redundantly in myriad "stovepipe" systems rather than referencing the authoritative sources.
  • Enable agencies to comply with the provisions of subsections 202(b)(4) & (5) and 207(d) of the eGov Act, which respectively require agencies to:
    • Work together to link their performance goals to key groups, including citizens, businesses, and other governments, as well as internal Federal Government operations; and
    • Adopt open standards (e.g., StratML) enabling the organization and categorization of Government information in a way that is searchable electronically and interoperably across agencies.
    • Note: On January 4, 2011, President Obama signed H.R. 2142, the GPRA Modernization Act of 2010 (GPRAMA), into law as P.L. 111-352. Section 2 requires agencies to publish their strategic plans on their websites and section 10 requires them to publish their strategic and performance plans and reports in searchable, machine-readable format. StratML is such a format.

StratML Part 2 extends Part 1 to include the basic, minumum additional elements required for performance plans and reports, including stakeholder roles and performance indicators, in order to:

  • Build upon Part 1 to enable the documentation of value chains leading to the realization of strategic goals and objectives, including desired outcomes as well as the inputs, processes, and outputs required to achieve them.
  • Facilitate the identification of inputs and processes needed to produce planned outputs and desired outcomes.
  • Enable the documentation and reporting of metrics associated with target and actual levels of inputs, processes, outputs, and outcomes.
  • Facilitate the sharing, referencing, indexing, discovery, linking, reuse, and analyses of the elements of performance plans and reports.
  • Facilitate the tracking of actual results as compared to planned, target results in terms of usage of inputs, performance of processes, production of outputs, and realization of outcomes.
  • Facilitate stakeholder feedback on the usages of inputs, production of outputs, and realization of outcomes affecting them.
  • Enable value-added intermediaries to provide tools, products, and services supporting each of these purposes for the benefit of myriad communities of interest (stakeholder groups).

StratML Part 3 specifies additional elements addressing the data requirements implicit in GPRAMA as well as additional purposes.


CURRENT WORK & RESULTS

On December 6 Owen Ambur documented in the W3C Voter Decision Support Community Group's wiki the potential to leverage the StratML standard to support not only voter decisions but also tracking the performance of elected officials.

Owen Ambur is exploring with members of the town council prospects for leveraging StratML services to make Hilton Head the world's first and foremost Truly Connected Community.

Hans-Jürgen Rennau, developer of FOXpath, is exploring prospects for creating an RDF-enabled query service for the StratML collection.

    In the meantime he has generated these plain text listing and counts of the Goals and Goals + Objectives documented in the StratML collection in ISO 17469-1 format.

Adam Retter of Evolved Binary is exploring prospects for building a StratML query service on eXist.

    On December 9 he provided access to a server on which the StratML files conforming to the ISO 17469-1 version of the schema have been loaded.

Owen Ambur has exchanged messsages with Christian Grün about prospects for developing a StratML query service in BaseX.

On July 20 Ibrahim Shah updated Joe Carmel's XForm to accommodate the changes made to the Part 2 schema in the ANSI process. The updated form is now available for testing. Owen Ambur has begun doing so, using the StratML Work Group's plan/report as a test use case. To test the new form with the Work Group's plan, click this link. Ibrahim is also working on enhancements to the stylesheet.

Since AIIM's standards program is being reconstituted under the auspices of the 3D PDF Consortium, StratML Parts 1 & 2 will need to be reaffirmed through ANSI and ISO. While doing so should be a matter of formalities, the StratML Committee will have the opportunity to make changes and enhancements if desired. For example, now that both quantitative and qualitative performance indicators can be used together in StratML Part 2, the attribute enabling their typing as one or the other should be removed. Hopefully, that change can be accommodated as a technical correction. However, other proposals will be in order as well.

    Since ANSI accrediation of the 3D PDF Consortium is taking quite a while, Chet Ensign and Owen Ambur are exploring prospects for having OASIS assume stewardship of the standard. A draft charter is available for commenting and editing.

StratML Committee Performance Report for 2016 (SMLC2016)

Draft listings of:


StratML Glossary compiled by Owen Ambur using this XSD and stylesheet - Note the glossary is for informative purposes only. The authoritative names and defintions of the elements are contained in the schemas themselves and are available in the documentation for Part 1, Part 2 & Part 3.

StratML Part 1, Strategic Plans

StratML Part 1, Strategic Plans, was published as an international standard (ISO 17469-1) on February 11, 2015, and is available for purchase from ANSI. The schema itself is freely available for usage by anyone who cares to do so:

StratML Part 2, Performance Plans & Reports

Pending recruitment of enough nations to work on international standardization of Part 2, Perfomance Plans and Reports in the ISO processes, revisions were moved through the ANSI process. On January 19, 2017, ANSI approved revisions harmonizing Part 2 (ANSI/AIIM 22:2017) with the relatively minor changes made in Part 1 in the ISO process. In addition, the following enhancements were approved:

  1. Create a new Descriptor element to more clearly accommodate the description of performance indicators of the qualitative type, which may be more appropriately characterized by adjectives, letter grades, or other types of ratings than by numbers
  2. Create a new ReferentIdentifier element of the xsd:string type to enable multiple references to the GUIDs of the same referents in a plan/report and to distinguish such identifiers from the identifiers of other elements, which are of the xsd:ID type and must be unique
  3. Change the NumberOfUnits element to a union with the empty string type to overcome the XSD rule requiring that elements of the xsd:decimal type must be populated even if their usage is optional and the numbers may not yet be known, e.g., for the ActualResult element or for TargetResults that have not yet been specified in draft plans
Schema -- The latest, officially approved version of the schema for Part 2 (ANSI/AIIM 22:2017) is available at ../references/PerformancePlanOrReport20160216.xsd | Documentation Stylesheet -- In the fall of 2018, Ibrahim Shah updated the stylesheet to accommodate the new Descriptor element in the Peformance Indicators table. It is available at: ../forms/part2stratml.xsl
    The previous version provided by Mario Madunic, Colin MacKenzie & Detlef Heyn is available at ../forms/part2stratmlOLD.xsl.

      Mario and Anthony Bufort expressed interest in helping to update and maintain the stylesheet and Mario established a GitHub repository to manage work on it. Requests to join it should be addressed to him.

StratML Part 3, Additional Elements

StratML Part 3, Additional Elements, was approved and published as an AIIM best practice (AIIM_BP_24-2014).

  • Schema for StratML Part 3, August 21, 2014
  • Screen shots showing how the Part 3 schema appears in an InfoPath form, November 23, 2012
  • Data dictionary for Part 3 compiled on November 4, 2012 - PDF | DOCX (Word)
  • The data requirements implicit in the GPRA Modernization Act (GPRAMA) are a central focus of Part 3.
    • Proposed mapping of OMB Circular A-11, Section 210, guidance to the elements of StratML Part 3
    • Proposed mapping of the elements of the Performance Data Standard (PDS) for the Performance.gov site to StratML Part 3.
    • This rendition of GPRAMA, dated February 7, 2012, contains selected screen shots from an InfoPath form showing how requirements of the Act might be met in the strawman draft schema for Part 3 - HTML | PDF
  • On August 15, 2017, Owen Ambur made draft revisions to the schema for Part 3 to harmonize with changes made to Part 2 in the ANSI process.
      • On December 12, 2017, Owen generated documentation of the revised draft schema and posted it here.


FORMS
During the development, piloting, proof-of-concept phase, several thousand plans have been rendered in StratML format, using the following authoring/editing tools:
  1. Joe Carmel's XForms Forms
    • Form for the ISO 17469-1 version of StratML Part 1, Strategic Plans.
      • See also Joe's About StratML XForms page.
    • Ibrahim Shah updated Joe's Part 2 form for hosting on the stratml.us site at http://stratml.us/forms/Part2Form.xml to accommodate changes made in ANSI/AIIM 22:2017.
      • This URL can be used to open StratML files for editing in that version of the form: http://stratml.us/forms/walt5.pl?url=URL_of_the_file
      • Joe's Form for the ISO draft version of StratML Part 2.
        • Alain Couthures, Gannon Dick & Andre Cusson provided assistance in developing Joe's StratML Part 2 form.
        • Joe documented his efforts in Hackpad.
  2. Andre Cusson of 01 Communications developed an XForms form for StratML Part 2, Performance Plans & Reports.
    • Andre's form was derived from but extends Joe's original form. It was disabled by a Java security update.
  3. oXygen XML Author supports StratML Parts 1 & 2 and provides templates.
    • A form-based user interface for StratML Part 2 is available in oXygen.
  4. Alejandro Revuelta and his colleagues on the Ximdex team have developed a forms-based interface enabling users to author and edit StratML files in Ximdex-CMS.
  5. Microsoft InfoPath forms for StratML Part 1, Strategic Plans & Part 2, Performance Plans and Reports
    • For those who do not have InfoPath, screen shots of those forms are available in PDF - Part 1 & Part 2 & HTML.
    • Owen Ambur has created a prototypical InfoPath form for StratML Part 3, Additional Elements, that can be used as a reference implementation.
      • For those who do not have InfoPath, screen shots of the Part 3 form, as of November 16, 2012, are available in PDF.
      • Note: Although Microsoft has pledged to maintain support through 2023, further development of InfoPath has been terminated with the 2013 release. For further information, see this discussion thread on LinkedIn.
  6. ESRI's StratML catalog also includes a forms-based interface whereby registered users can draft and edit StratML files in Part 1 & 2 format.
  7. Business Web Software (now Firmstep) AchieveForms using the form on their demonstration site (Seems to have been taken down.)
  8. PDF Fillable form for Part 1 developed by Ed Chase
    • In August 2016, Virginia Gavin of Appligent expressed interest in updating Ed's form to conform to the ISO 17469-1 version of the schema.
    • When he was with Adobe, Duane Nickull expressed his intent to develop a PDF Fillable form for StratML Part 2.
  9. Xopus provided a form for Part 1 in Spanish as well as English. However, Xopus was acquired by SDL and apparently no longer supports the StratML standard.
  10. Microsoft Word - See the StratML Quick Start Guide for MS Word Users compiled by Ictect
DOCUMENTS
    The most current and complete listing of plans in the StratML collection is available at ../drybridge/index.htm.
SEARCH & OTHER PROTOTYPICAL SERVICES

Since StratML documents are plain text (XML) documents posted on the public Web, they are readily available for indexing by the search engines, like Google, albeit on an uncertain schedule. Thus, the major search engine indices may not contain the most recent submissions.

Google
WWW StratML

  1. StratNavApp -- Chris Fox enabled his StratNavApp (formerly StrategicLearning Application) to produce valid StratML output. It is free to sign up and Chris invites you to try it out.

  2. Ximdex -- Alejandro Revuelta and his Ximdex colleagues have imported many of the files in the StratML collection into their StratML query service prototype, which is now available for public access. See also their StratML authoring/editing form. They welcome feedback at feedback@ximdex.com.

  3. ICTect -- Pradeep Jain of Ictect expressed interest in updating his StratML plug-in for MS Word to take into account upgrades to Word and revisions to the StratML schema. Besides U.S. federal agencies, who are required by law to publish their plans and reports in machine-readable format, other potential customers include the millions of tax-exempt organizations required to file Form 990 with IRS. Pradeep believes his technology might be well suited to transforming the relevent elements of the 990 database to StratML format in the context of a template the organizations could use to flesh out their goals, objectives, and stakeholders in Word.

    • StratML Tagging with Microsoft Word: Quick Start Guide, Pradeep Jain & Vivian Dey, September 25, 2009 - DOC | PDF

    • A Strategic Communications Plan converted to StratML format by Owen Ambur on December 22, 2009, using MS Word with the assistance of the Quick Start Guide. Since the purpose of the exercise was to test the Guide and not to produce a "pretty" document, it was not edited for appearance, to include all of the elements of the StratML core, or to remove verbiage that does not fit neatly into the elements of a StratML document. However, Owen subsequently used Joe Carmel's XForms form to do so in Plain XML text & with Styling

    • Screen shot of Ictect's StratML plug-in for MS Word demonstrated by Pradeep Jain on the January 15, 2015, StratML Committee tele/video conference

  4. 01 Communications -- While it has not been updated in recent years, Andre Cusson of 01Communications developed a StratML portal, including a highly informative statistics page and hyperlinked listings of goals, objectives, stakeholders & values

    • He also provided a stylesheet that works with both StratML Part 1 and Part 2 files.
    • He developed an XForms form for StratML Part 2. Clicking on the button at the top toggled from a StratML Part 1, Strategic Plan, form to a Part 2, Performance Plan or Report, form and vice versa. The Part 2 form displayed the Stakeholder Role and Performance Indicator elements, whereas the Part 1 form did not. See his documentation of his XForms efforts and particularly the documentation for his Part 2 form. However, his form was disabled by a Java security update.
    • See also his draft MS Word template for StratML Part 2.
    • For information on his StratML-related efforts, see this page on his DNAOS site.

  5. Joe Carmel -- Joe Carmel's StratML Catalog uses AJAX to index files in the StratML sitemap listing by Internet domain, provide a count of StratML files and identify those lacking sources as well as those whose URLs are incorrect in the listing. Joe's catalog is no longer being maintained on his site. The most recent update is now available on the StratML.us site.

  6. StratML.services -- Jason Lind planned to make StratML.services the most extensive platform for delivery of modeling analytics on StratML while simultaneously acting as a store for public StratML data, delivered through a syndicated API to existing and future consumers. However, he apparently has abandoned that effort.

    • He welcomed feedback on his a prototypical StratML search service enabling selective queries of the elements of StratML Part 1. Again, however, his prototype has apparently been taken down.

    • He has also expressed interest in transforming into StratML Part 2 format IRS Form 990 data for tax-exempt organizations. He has created a queue for the data and Owen Ambur has drafted a proposed mapping of the data to StratML. Jason developed an architecture in GitHub to deal with the relatively high through put (over 1.2M against AWS Form 990 Data):

  7. RUSTPrivacy -- Gannon Dick of RUSTPrivacy.org converted the relevant information in the Federal Advisory Committee Act (FACA) database to StratML format. See the home page he has compiled for his related efforts. He is demonstrating:

    • Datatype validation of StratML Part 1 & 2 files.
    • LOC MODS citation based upon the selection of Agency and Committee. View Source to see the XML; uses the MODS HTML stylesheet.
    • A word cloud of declared topical interests for each committee, as well as a listing of "corresponding" agencies and committees with the same interests (LCSH).
    • A browse interface to listings of the members of each committee, ordered by sponsoring agency.
    • An alternative browse interface to the agency stategic goals documented on the Performance.gov site
    • A service that generates performance reporting timelines in StratML Part 2, Performance Plan, format, i.e., a model performance timeline plan for issuance of performance reports.

    See also Gannon's Brief Tour of XML Technology For Emergency Management (EM).

  8. oXygen -- Support for the StratML standard was provided in oXygen XML Editor version 14.0.

    • StratML framework available as open source project on GitHub
    • The framework was made available in a forms-based UI in oXygen 15.1
    • In May 2015 oXygen 17 was the first commercially released product supporting the international version of the standard (ISO 17469-1)

  9. ESRI -- Marten Hogeweg set up a publicly accessible catalog based on ESRI's open source Geoportal Server with the StratML Part 1 and Part 2 configured, with a couple plans preloaded. Users can register and publish their own plans &/or the plans of organizations whose missions are of interest to them. Marten plans to maintain it to test ESRI's stratml implementation.

  10. MarkLogic -- MarkLogic's StratML search service prototype contained all of the plans in the collection as of February 8, 2010. It was developed by Shashi Mudunuri prior to finalization of Part 1 of the StratML standard. Shashi subsequently left MarkLogic and his prototype was not maintained. Jay Fohs and Sara Mazer of MarkLogic started to redevelop it with the latest versions of the files currently in the collection. The new prototype was to have been demonstrated by Jay and Andy Obermayer at the CIO Council's PlanningPlus seminar on November 15, 2012. However, the CIOC was reorganized and the PlanningPlus seminar series was discontinued. Images showing what the previous version of MarkLogic's application looked like are available on slides 40 & 41 of the presentation Owen prepared for the Strategic Planning Innovation Conference. Those screen shots are also available by themselves in HTML format.

  11. eXist Solutions -- Lars Windauer of eXist Solutions has expressed the view that enabling queries of the StratML collection would be a good use case for the eXist database but the cost of doing so may be more than anyone is willing to pay at this time.

  12. Patrick Durusau -- Patrick Durusau expressed his intent to look into prospects for applying XQuery capabilities to the StratML collection.

  13. Sonra -- StratML is among the XML standards cited by Anvesh Gali in his article on visualising XMLs and XSDs using Sonra's Flexter. Uli Bethke expressed his intent to explore prospects for having an intern load the StratML collection into Elasticsearch or Solr to provide native XML database query services.

  14. Uberity -- Matt MacKenzie and Duane Nickull of Uberity quickly developed and briefly hosted a JSON/MongoDB-based StratML indexing/browsing/query service at http://uberity.com/.

  15. CivicOS -- Dmytro Potekhin expressed his intention to build support for the StratML standard into a future release of CivicOS.

  16. Quark -- Dave White expressed interest in providing support for StratML in Quark's XML Author for MS Word

  17. Mercenary Team -- Matthew Jackson of the Mercenary Team expressed his intent to explore prospects for engaging a freelancer to transform the relevant elements from the IRS Form 990 database into StratML Part 2 performance plan/report format for tax-exempt organizations.

  18. Metaformixis -- John Barker of Metaformix Information Systems has demonstrated how StratML files can automatically be rendered in PDF and ePub format, using the Meridian International Center's who we are statement as an example - PDF | ePub

      19. Unless a browser plug-in is installed, the ePub rendition must be downloaded and openned in an ePub reader. John recommends the following readers and says they all work with ePubs generated in TopLeaf:

  19. Stratbase -- Stratbase, a new startup company out of the Iowa Startup Accelerator, developed an online strategic planning and implementation tool for teams. Dave Shafer advised that plans created using Stratbase are compatible with StratML Part 1 and soon it will support XML import/export, hosting public plans, cross-linking between plans, cascading goals, and many other features described in the StratML purposes, as well as support for StratML Parts 2 and 3.

  20. Drupal -- Rob Green has worked to configure Drupal's "Export to XML" module to output valid StratML, in support of Cedar Falls, Iowa. His initial XML output is available at http://www.cfstrategicplan.org/stratml. The goals and objectives set forth in the plan are avaiable in HTML format at http://www.cfstrategicplan.org/objectives and in StratML format here.

  21. SchellingPoint -- Michael Taylor of SchellingPoint expressed his intent to enable his Alignment Optimization software to output data in StratML format for editing in Microsoft Word. Here's his blog on the use of StratML for higher-quality strategies.

  22. Strategi Consulting -- Ari Knausenberger of Strategi Consulting developed a StratML parsing demonstration, which was formerly hosted at http://stratml.strategi-consulting.com/ and produced a tag cloud for the top 50 most frequently used <Goal> <Names>. The strategic plans in which each of those goal names occur could be retrieved by clicking on the tag name and scrolling to the bottom of the page to see the results. The most frequently occurring goal name is Education and it was used in the default query. The second most frequently used goal name was Advocacy, followed by Leadership, Membership, Infrastructure, Collaboration, Partnerships, Representation, Communication, and Research, rounding out the top ten. See the screen shot of Ari's demo.

  23. FREME -- Felix Sasaki, coordinator of the FREME project, added StratML to the types of files that can be enriched with linked data tags at http://fsasaki.github.io/stuff/feisgiltt2016/ and demonstrated semantic enrichment of the content of the Description elements of the U.S. Open Data Action Plan (ODAP).

  24. XML Simplicity -- XML Simplicity's editorial portal enabled online editing of StratML documents using Authentic. Here is a brief description provided by Keith Matthew:

      XML Simplicity's (now Computer Composition of Canada, Inc.) StratML service provides powerful, yet easy-to-use, collection browsing and filtering of StratML documents. Users have complete control over collection display settings, such as sorting, grouping, highlighting, charting, downloading, column selection, etc. Documents are available for fast dynamic download in XML, PDF, RTF, and HTML formats. Editing of the StratML XML documents is available in either an offline or online word-processor like interface, that ensures consistent and correct XML source data.

    Unfortunately, the portal is no longer online but here is an example of a PDF rendition of this StratML file - Plain XML text | Styled.

  25. Farsi -- Pooyan Zamanian's StratML authoring, editing, and transformation portal, which is available in Farsi and English, enables the creation of strategic plans and the conversion of the "raw" (plain text XML) StratML files to XHTML using XSL Transformation. After entering the portal with the "guest" username and password (54321), users who have Microsoft's InfoPath forms application can download the form from the Strategic Plans page, enter the data, and upload the plan. (Plans that have been previously uploaded will also be available for editing and re-uploading.) After uploading, the user is re-directed to result page to view the transformed plan as it appears in XHML format on the Web. Click here to see a screen shot of Pooyan's portal.

  26. Crane Softwrights -- Ken Holman of Crane Softwrights compiled HTML and PDF stylesheets for StratML documents but they were based upon a previous version of the schema that was supplanted by ANSI/AIIM 21:2009

  27. NIST -- On December 1, 2006, NIST created an XML Instance Validation service to enable remote validation of files against schemas, including the StratML schema. KC Morris announced the service on the XML CoP's listserv. For additional information, see NIST XML Schema Validation Updates page.

  28. Vision4Standards -- NIEM mapping spreadsheet compiled by Allyson Ugarte and Sylvia Webb

  29. Liquid Technologies -- Liquid Technologies' Liquid XML Studio 2010 is an XML developers toolkit and IDE containing tools for designing and developing XML Schema and applications, with support for StratML and other public standards.
    • See especially their documentation of the schema for StratML Part 1

  30. Datypic -- The schema for StratML Part 1, Strategic Plans, has been included in Schema Central by Priscilla Walmsley of Datypic.com.

  31. Politics -- Owen Ambur is promoting the notion that political parties and candidates for elective office should be expected (by their constituencies) to post their platforms on the Web in StratML format. To prove the concept, he has begun posting the party platforms and candidate issue statements on his personal Web site.

  32. UBMatrrix -- On September 12, 2013, Frederick Chapus of the UBMatrix division of Edgar Online, an RR Donnelly company, rendered the StratML Part 1 schema as an XBRL taxonomy. See also his PowerPoint presentation.

  33. Alex Rollin -- Alex Rollin's StratML for Production Groups description (formerly Community Intelligence with StratML project wiki).

  34. Thomas von der Elbe -- Thomas von der Elbe's free-range voting demo using StratML to enable voting on the elements of a plan to form a non-profit organization.

  35. Alex Glaros -- Alex Glaros' Nationwide Citizen General Suggestion Management prototype application project. See also Alex's site for the Center for Government Interoperability (CGI).

  36. Progress Software -- Ivan Pedruzzi of Progress Software uploaded the StratML schema into the Stylus Studio online catalog for access in Stylus Studio via File -> Document Wizards.. -> XML editor -> User Defined Catalog. A tutorial is available showing how to create PDF forms from schemas using Stylus Studio.

  37. William Charlton -- William Charlton expressed interest in developing a "test bed for evaluating StratML as a mechanism for coordinating, recording and reporting relief operations"... to "pave the way for similar proofs in other arenas".


If you are aware of other services indexing or otherwise leveraging the emerging StratML standard and/or StratML documents, please contact Owen Ambur to have a link posted here. We are particularly interested in services addressing any of the prospective purposes of the standard but would be happy to be surprised by useful and creative services we have not yet anticipated.

See also sitemap listing the WebAddresses (URLs) of the StratML instance documents to facilitate reuse, including automated indexing by search services.

HISTORY of StratML
    Since the history of the StratML standard is long, it has been moved to a separate page.
SEE ALSO