Description of PNNL FacilitiesPacific Northwest National LaboratoryPNNL_dd61b6c0-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5c_dd61be5e-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5c_dd61be5f-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5cEnvironmental Molecular SciencesProvide integrated experimental and computational resources for discovery and technological innovation in the environmental molecular sciences._dd61be60-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5c1Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL)EMSL (located at PNNL in Richland, Washington). The mission of the EMSL is to provide integrated experimental and computational resources for discovery and technological innovation in the environmental molecular sciences in support of DOE and the nation. Specialized space within EMSL includes the Quiet Wing, a 9,500 square foot facility that houses ultra-sensitive microscopy instruments for research in such areas as biology, subsurface science, catalysis and fuel cell/energy storage; and the Radiochemistry Annex, which contains spectroscopic and imaging instruments designed for the study of contaminated environmental materials and the examination of radionuclides and chemical signatures. EMSL is currently developing and building a High Resolution Mass Accuracy Capability (HRMAC) which will provide the ability to identify molecular and biomolecular species in complex systems. The facilities and capabilities of the EMSL are available to the general scientific and engineering communities to conduct basic and applied research. EMSL links to external facilities within the Department of Energy, collaborating universities, and industry. EMSL supports both open and proprietary research. Molecular Science Computing (MSC). Within EMSL is the MSC, which provides an integrated production computing environment and consists of Cascade, a supercomputer with theoretical peak performance of 3.4 petaflops; a 15.8 petabyte HPSS data storage system; and molecular science software programs including NWChem and Aurora. The MSC supports a wide-range of computational activities in environmental molecular research, including benchmark calculations on small molecules, reliable calculations on large molecules and solids, simulations of large biomolecules, large data bioinformatics computations, aerosol climate modeling, and reactive chemical transport modeling._dd61be72-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5cCoastal EnvironmentsEnable sustainable energy production from coastal environments, understand and guide adaptation to climate change and population growth in coastal regions, and develop and provide actionable intelligence on coastal security threats._dd61bf6c-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5c2The Marine Sciences Laboratory (MSL)The Marine Sciences Laboratory sits on 140 acres of tidelands and uplands located on Sequim Bay, Washington. Key capabilities include 6,000 sq ft of analytical and biological laboratories; 7,700 sq ft of aquatic research laboratories supplied with heated and cooled freshwater and seawater; state-of-the-art water treatment system; and a sensitive Compartmented Information Facility (SCIF). MSL stewards capabilities ranging from integrated coastal modeling to ecosystem science to marine biotechnology, with research focused on enabling sustainable energy production from coastal environments, understanding and guiding successful adaptation to climate change and population growth in coastal regions, and developing and providing actionable intelligence on coastal security threats._dd61c05c-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5cHome Building TechnologiesEvaluate new building technologies that are tested in a closely monitored environment that replicates how normal homes operate._dd61c89a-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5c3Lab Homes Energy Research Facility (LHERF)The Lab Homes Energy Research Facility (LHERF), located on the PNNL campus in Richland, Washington, serves as a laboratory testbed for evaluating new building technologies that are tested in a closely monitored environment that replicates how normal homes operate. By studying new energy-efficient technologies in a setting that closely imitates real homes, researchers and collaborators can get a better understanding of true energy savings potential for homeowners, as well as gain insights into how a technology might be improved. The homes are fully instrumented with controllable circuits, dual heating systems, environmental sensors, and a weather station.Home Builders_dd61c89b-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5cElectricity GridDevelop and deploy technologies to better manage and control the electricity grid._dd61c89c-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5c4Electricity Infrastructure Operations Center (EIOC)The Electricity Infrastructure Operations Center (EIOC) at PNNL brings together industry-leading software, real-time grid data, and advanced computation into a fully capable control room. Shaped with input from utilities, technology vendors, and research, the EIOC serves as a unique platform for developing and deploying technologies to better manage and control the grid. The new technologies developed are transferable across the industry and address the national need for a more reliable and effective electricity grid. Electricity Infrastructure Cybersecurity and Resilience Center (EICC). The EICC consists of capabilities that support a safe and resilient grid through advanced visualization, analytics, and notification processes for information sharing and situational awareness that directly support continental electric grid cyber security. Access to PNNL's cyber security tools, as well as real time grid monitoring and situational awareness capacities allow for unprecedented solutions for mission critical problems._dd61c89d-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5cFish, Aquatic Tools & Biological SystemsConduct research on fish studies, tagging, prototype aquatic tool development, and modeling of biological systems._dd61c89e-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5c5Aquatic Research Laboratory (ARL)Columbia River and groundwater well water sources are delivered to the Aquatic Research Laboratory (ARL), where these resources are used to conduct research on fish studies, tagging, prototype aquatic tool development, and modeling of biological systems. Capabilities include temperature and lighting controls to simulate seasonal and diurnal cycles. The laboratory also contains both indoor and outdoor facilities that are used for holding and acclimating test fish and supports specialized research equipment that can be installed and operated to meet specific research needs. Research includes effects of radiation on the Columbia River ecosystem; biological uptake, effects, and transport of contaminants; fish physiology and energetics in relation to water flow fields and shear/ turbulence; fish behavior in response to physical structure and flow; radio- and acoustic tag development and testing; egg and fry development in response to temperature and dissolved nitrogen gas; flow quantification and modeling; new generation hydroturbine design; and hyperbaric chamber testing to simulate turbine passage._dd61c89f-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5cLighting ProductsTest non-standard lighting products for comparison and application evaluation._dd61c8a0-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5c6Lighting Metrology LaboratoryPNNL operates the nationally accredited Lighting Metrology Laboratory, which provides accurate testing of non-standard lighting products for comparison and application evaluation. Included in the laboratory are two Lumen Maintenance Test Apparatus' (LMTA) to support the U.S. Department of Energy's first ever lighting technology competition –the L Prize®. The LMTAs combine robotics, sensors, software, and an integrating sphere to measure the spectral power distribution of energy efficient light bulbs. The lab also contains a 6-foot light integrating sphere, flicker measurement apparatus, vibration, and environmental chamber.Lighting Manufacturers_dd61c8a1-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5cRadiation-Measuring DevicesDesign, develop, and calibrate radiation-measuring devices._dd61c958-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5c7Radiological Calibration and Standards FacilityPNNL maintains a state-of-the-art Radiological Calibration and Standards Laboratory on the Hanford Site at Richland, Washington. Laboratory staff provide expertise and experience in health physics, radiation measurements, and dosimetry and calibrations. PNNL's offers technical expertise for the design, development, and calibration of radiation-measuring devices. Organic and inorganic samples can be irradiated for research purposes. The laboratory is accredited by the National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program (NVLAP) as a Calibration Laboratory for Ionizing Radiation (NVLAP Lab Code 105020)._dd61ca52-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5cBiomass[Support] biomass research._dd61cb74-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5c8Bioproducts, Sciences, and Engineering Laboratory (BSEL)PNNL's biomass program is housed in the Bioproducts, Sciences, and Engineering Laboratory (BSEL) on the campus of the Washington State University Tri-Cities in Richland, Washington. BSEL includes high-pressure catalytic reactor rooms for hydrogenation and other chemical processing; bioprocessing laboratories for developing and engineering fungal fermentations supporting wet chemical laboratories for synthesis and preparation of catalysts and feedstocks; and the Combinatorial Catalysis Research Laboratory, which houses our state-of-the-art, rapid-throughput catalyst discovery instrumentation. BSEL also has a 2,500-square-foot high-bay facility for integration and scale-up of the various processing steps in biofuels and bioproducts manufacture.Washington State University_dd61cc78-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5cPhysical ScienceConduct research on catalyst formulation, chemical analysis, laboratory-scale reaction engineering, biochemical process development and environmental characterization and risk assessment._dd61cd86-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5c9Physical Sciences Laboratory (PSL)PNNL's Physical Sciences Laboratory (PSL) houses 22 research laboratories for conducting a wide-range of research including catalyst formulation, chemical analysis, laboratory-scale reaction engineering, biochemical process development and environmental characterization and risk assessment._dd61cf16-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5cRadioactive MaterialsCreate and implement innovative processes for environmental clean-up and the beneficial use of radioactive materials._dd61d02e-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5c10Radiochemical Processing Laboratory (RPL)The Radiochemical Processing Laboratory (RPL) is a scientific facility funded by DOE to create and implement innovative processes for environmental clean-up and the beneficial use of radioactive materials. Capabilities within the RPL include applied nuclear science and technology that further innovative radiological material processes and solutions for environmental, nuclear energy and national security initiatives. This includes technologies to advance the cleanup of radiological and hazardous wastes; processing and disposal of nuclear fuels; and the production and delivery of medical isotopes. Located in the Hanford 300 Area, the RPL is a Department of Energy Hazard Category II Non-Reactor Nuclear Facility operated by Battelle._dd61d146-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5cNew Product CommercializationProvide engineering- and manufacturing-scale space and chemical, biological, and electronic laboratories and equipment for developing, validating, and commercializing new products. _dd61d268-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5c11Applied Process Engineering Laboratory (APEL)The Applied Process Engineering Laboratory (APEL) is an eastern Washington technology business startup facility, sponsored in part by PNNL. APEL provides engineering- and manufacturing-scale space and chemical, biological, and electronic laboratories and equipment for developing, validating, and commercializing new products. Users of this facility include new business startups, companies developing new products, entrepreneurs, university and national laboratory research staff, and vendors demonstrating new technologies are all housed in the various spaces. There is opportunity for collaboration and cross fertilization, as well as security and access protection to protect proprietary material. PNNL scientists, engineers, and other professional staff are available to APEL occupants for consulting, collaboration, or professional support.Business StartupsCompaniesdeveloping new productsEntrepreneursUniversity Laboratory Research StaffNational Laboratory Research StaffVendorsdemonstrating new technologies_dd61da74-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5cBiomass, Fluids & Chemicals[Support research in] biomass processing, supercritical fluid processing, and high-pressure chemical processing capabilities._dd61da75-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5c12Process Development Laboratories (PDL)PDL-E is a high-bay pilot plant facility that includes biomass processing, supercritical fluid processing, and high-pressure chemical processing capabilities. Biomass processing methods for extraction or hydrolysis have been developed in this laboratory and then scaled up for engineering assessment. Similar designs can be used to scale up bioprocessing systems as well. A skid-mounted unit contains a complete continuous-flow high-pressure processing system including pumps, heat exchangers, and feed and product tanks. It is fully instrumented and has a computer-controlled data acquisition system. It has two 2-inch ID by 6-foot tall tubular reactors, each about 4-liters volume, with electrical heating and a tube-in-tube heat recovery system. The system can process at up to 365°C and 3500 psig. The processing system is designed to run at one half ton per day of feed slurry. Pressure is maintained in the reactor system by a back-pressure regulator. After pressure letdown, gas and liquid products enter a separator/liquid product tank from which gas products are vented. Back-up product cool down is accomplished with a forced air fan. For processing, the unit requires minimal setup; it has a single 480-volt input line. Other process engineering equipment is also available including screen and membrane filter systems and supercritical fluid cleaning and extraction systems. Also found at the PDL-E are micro-scale reactor systems for testing various gas phase reactions. These reactor systems include the 4-Plex system which allows parallel testing of catalyst formulations with online chemical analytical capability. Two other reactor systems are constructed within ventilation hoods and allow testing of various micro-technology reactor configurations with a range of process gas components. In addition, there are two high-pressure continuous-flow, fixed- catalyst-bed reactors for aqueous phase processes. These micro-scale reactors (30 milliliter bed) allow extended time process testing for catalyst lifetime determination. They are connected to the hydrogen compressor system at CEL to allow long-term, continuous hydrogen gas flow.PDL-WPDL-West is also a high-bay facility, most recently has housed the Pretreatment Engineering Platform (PEP), an engineering-scale demonstration of Hanford Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant pretreatment processes. The PEP project included chemical process demonstration work with non-radioactive Hanford tank waste simulants._dd61da76-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5cRadiation DetectionHouse radiation detection systems and support ultra-low-background research and development for environmental, national security, and fundamental physics._dd61da77-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5c13Shallow Underground LaboratoryPNNL's Shallow Underground Laboratory houses some of the world's most sensitive radiation detection systems and supports ultra-low-background research and development for environmental, national security, and fundamental physics. The facility contains research to support international treaty verification to prevent and counter of acts of terrorism as well as the search for dark matter in the universe. The nearly 6,600-square-foot facility is among the most modern laboratory spaces in the DOE complex, dedicated to low-background detector system development and production. The Shallow Underground Laboratory is located 39 feet (12 meters) under grade level and has berm of 22.67 feet (6.9 meters) above grade, giving the laboratory a total overburden of more than 42.5 feet (12.9 meters). This depth shields against radioactive backgrounds induced by cosmic rays, the most difficult sources to shield against on the Earth's surface. A cleanroom air filtration system and positive pressure relative to the outside protects the facility from the radioactivity found in dust. Specific capabilities include: an Electrochemical Purification Laboratory for purifying copper, a key material that makes possible radiation detection systems of unprecedented sensitivity; an Assembly Laboratory for ultra-low background detectors; and an Ultra-Sensitive Measurement Lab where measurements are made on samples._dd61da78-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5cSafety & Emergency Response TrainingOffer safety and emergency response training for nuclear waste cleanup workers and emergency response personnel._dd61da79-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5c14Hazardous Materials Management and Emergency Response (HAMMER)The Volpentest Hazardous Materials Management and Emergency Response (HAMMER) Federal Training Center is a safety and emergency response training center that offers realistic and comprehensive safety and emergency response training for nuclear waste cleanup workers and emergency response personnel. Located at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Hanford Site in southeastern Washington state, and operated for the DOE by Mission Support Alliance, HAMMER is responsible for managing nationally recognized training and safety programs including: training development, training delivery, mock-ups and simulations, multiagency exercises, technology deployment, computer- and web-based learning, specialized training, program management, records management, subject matter experts, and strategic partnerships. National programs that use HAMMER include the DOE national Training Center, DOE-OE Energy Infrastructure Protection and Response, Domestic and International Border Protection, and the U.S. Department of Transportation.Nuclear Waste Cleanup WorkersEmergency Response PersonnelDOE National Training CenterU.S. Department of Transportation_dd61dace-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5cRadiation Detection & Threat ReductionIntegrate, evaluate, and deploy radiation detection and other similar threat reduction systems._dd61e33e-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5c15Interdiction Technology and Integration Laboratory (ITIL)The Interdiction Technology and Integration Laboratory (ITIL), at the PNNL provides a comprehensive, customizable, and scalable test environment. PNNL researchers associated with this facility have deep expertise in integrating, evaluating, and deploying radiation detection and other similar threat reduction systems worldwide. Government and industry partners can provide or specify detection systems and other peripheral equipment to be tested under various requirements. PNNL can integrate, test, and advance technology for detecting radiological or nuclear materials, explosives, and other dangerous contraband. PNNL's ITIL has access to all of the necessary resources to support technology maturation and readiness assessments, pre-deployment stress testing, and operational testing of detection technologies. ITIL has licensed access to a diverse and expansive set of proliferation-concern radioactive sources, including weapons-usable special nuclear materials, and naturally occurring radioactive material used to create real-world scenarios for testing system performance. This allows systematic testing that challenges a wide range of configurations and operational modes. In addition, PNNL has experts in fields such as nuclear physics, radiological engineering, test engineering, operations and field deployment, and statistics are available to assist project staff._dd61e33f-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5cCatalysis ResearchFacilitate collaborative research and development for a portfolio of leading-edge experimental and computational resources for catalysis research._dd61e340-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5c16Institute for Integrated Catalysis (IIC)The Institute for Integrated Catalysis (IIC) at PNNL facilitates collaborative research and development and consists of an extensive portfolio of leading-edge experimental and computational resources for catalysis research. Leading-edge programs areas include biomass conversions, exhaust emissions, microchannel technologies, solid oxide fuel cells, and computational chemistry. The IIC makes use of a number of facilities at PNNL including EMSL (Chemical Engineering Laboratory), PDL-E, APEL (the engine emission testing), and PSL (Combinatorial Catalyst Lab). Alongside experimental efforts is computational chemistry; a core-competency of the IIC with remote and onsite access to the high-performance supercomputer and associated integrated software for a variety of applications such as modeling of chemistry on porous sites, molecular thermodynamics, kinetics, and prediction of excited states._dd61e341-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5cTransformational ComputingMaximize the impact of computing on transformative discoveries that fuel scientific and societal progress._dd61e342-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5c17Northwest Institute for Advanced Computing (NIAC)Founded jointly by PNNL and the University of Washington in 2013, the Northwest Institute for Advanced Computing (NIAC) is both a physical and “virtual" collaborative center designed to maximize the impact of computing on transformative discoveries that fuel scientific and societal progress. NIAC seeks to advance the use of computing in discovery and a broad range of application areas with a primary focus on: Advanced and Future Computing Systems, Scalable Modeling, Simulation and Design, and Data-driven Science and Discovery. NIAC serves as a center of excellence and collaboration where research partners from diverse academic and industry organizations throughout the Pacific Northwest region and the world bring their collective expertise with advanced computing system technologies, data analysis techniques, and domain science to bear on some of society's biggest problems._dd61e343-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5cClimate ChangeUnderstand the problems of global climate change and their potential solutions._dd61e3ca-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5c18Joint Global Change Research Institute (JGCRI)The Joint Global Change Research Institute (JGCRI) is dedicated to understanding the problems of global climate change and their potential solutions. The Institute staff are internationally recognized for their expertise in understanding the interactions between climate, energy production and use, economic activity and the environment. Collecting the expertise of domestic and international collaborators encourages research at the Institute that develops global and equitable solutions to the climate change problem. The Institute focuses on understanding both the causes and effects of climate change, with particular emphasis on the following areas: Integrated assessment modeling, for examining the complex interactions between our physical environment and human activities and understanding the economic effects of climate change; technology strategies for limiting the scope of climate change, as exemplified in the Global Technology Strategy Project; natural resource modeling and assessment for understanding the effects of environmental change on water and land use; vulnerability and adaptation studies for examining the regional impacts of climate change and strategies for adapting to these changes; and local and global environmental mitigation measures for developing and testing practical policies for dealing with this issue, particularly as they relate to transitional and emerging economies._dd61e53c-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5cAerosols & CloudsUnderstand aerosols, clouds, and their interactions._dd61ed98-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5c19Atmospheric Measurements Laboratory (AML)The Atmospheric Measurements Laboratory (AML) is one of the nation's leading research facilities for understanding aerosols, clouds, and their interactions. The AML is furnished with multiple aerosol chamber research facilities and staging areas for ancillary and aircraft instrumentation and radiometric tools. Instruments ranging from radar profilers, radiometers, and gas and aerosol systems can be calibrated and tested prior to field deployment. Scientists at PNNL, other national laboratories and universities can use the facility and instruments for studies involving climate, aerosol chemistry, and dispersion and diffusion. Users can collaborate with PNNL researchers, nationally and internationally recognized experts in their fields, and known for integrating measurements, modeling and laboratory research to generate new insights._dd61ed99-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5cMicrobesStudy the molecular details of microbes under relevant environmental conditions._dd61ed9a-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5c20Microbial Cell Dynamics Lab (MCDL)The Microbial Cell Dynamics Laboratory at PNNL enables scientists to study the molecular details of microbes under relevant environmental conditions. The MCDL seeks to integrate culture conditions that more closely represent chemical and physical conditions in natural environments with advanced and novel analytical capabilities. The mission of the MCDL is to develop a molecular-based understanding of how individual organisms in microbial assemblages interact and behave in their natural surroundings, including sensing and response to their physico-chemical environment and cell-cell signaling between different species in the assemblage. Analytical capabilities include cellular imaging; nucleic acid, protein, and metabolite characterization technologies; the ability to study cell assemblages at the population and single-cell scales; and the use of nondestructive approaches to measure dynamic processes in real time._dd61ed9b-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5cData-Intensive Analytics[Study] applications in data-intensive analytics, architectures, languages, methods, and runtime systems._dd61ed9c-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5c21Computational Science Facility (CSF)CSF hosts the Center for Adaptive Supercomputing Software-Multi-threaded (CASS-MT) and Performance and Architecture Laboratory (PAL). CASSCASS at PNNL is home to the only Open Science Cray XMT system, consisting of 128 multithreaded processors, 1 TB RAM, and a 7.7-TB Lustre parallel file system. CASS creates collaborations and provides expertise for using the Cray XMT systems and porting and optimizing applications. External and internal research partners are offered access to CASS' Cray XMT system -- the only center like it in the world. CASS is dedicated to research involving: applications in data-intensive analytics, architectures, languages, methods, and runtime systems._dd61eda2-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5cComputer Systems & ApplicationsInvestigate issues that contribute to optimal application and computer system performance_dd61ef0a-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5c22Computational Science Facility (CSF)Performance & Architecture Laboratory (PAL)The Performance & Architecture Laboratory (PAL) at PNNL operates at the forefront of advanced system architectures and applications. PAL investigates the issues that contribute to optimal application and computer system performance for current extreme-scale systems and for future architectures. A variety of original techniques for performance modeling of architectures and applications are developed, refine, and improved. These techniques are applied to codes both at PNNL, and to other significant workloads such as those related to missions for the Department of Energy's Office of Science and other federal government entities. The projects in PAL include performance analysis and modeling, system design for advanced architectures, high-performance interconnection networks, scheduling, and system software research and development._dd61f68a-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5cDOE MissionMeet DOE's mission needs as part of PNNL's overarching research computing strategy._dd61f68b-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5c23Computational Science Facility (CSF)PNNL Institutional Computing (PIC)PNNL Institutional Computing (PIC) is focused on meeting DOE's mission needs and is part of PNNL's overarching research computing strategy. PIC supports large-scale general-purpose clusters with high-speed interconnects and special-purpose testbeds. Mass storage and archival systems -- 4 PB parallel file storage and Aurora archive tape systems -- are fully integrated with PIC to facilitate easy access and sharing of data. PIC also manages server instances to host persistent services, such as databases, web servers, and application frameworks. PIC offers a generous platform for researchers, including leading-edge computational capabilities and infrastructure, as well as relative subject matter expertise composed of members of PNNL's various computational groups. Capabilities include: high-performance computing, Windows HPC (on campus), high-speed data transfers, experimental architectures: high-performance graphics processing units (GPUs); Many Integrated Core (MIC) testbeds, storage (including tape archive) up to 7 PB, dedicated Analytics/ Hadoop cluster, compilers, large (2 TB) shared memory system, and virtual machines. PIC's Olympus supercomputer, a world-class cluster, currently features: a 20,000-core HPC supercluster composed of regular nodes, fat nodes (nodes with extra memory), and 32 high-performance GPU nodes; 692 dual-socket nodes with 16 cores per socket AMD Interlagos processors, running at 2.1 GHz with 64 GB of 1600 MHz memory per node (2 GB/socket); a QDR Infiniband network (40 GB/s) for internal communications; and frequency switching for saving power (more than 15%) on idle nodes._dd61f68c-3ea7-11e4-8576-c2f482db4d5c2014-09-17https://www.data.gov/app/uploads/2014/06/DOE-Inventory.csvOwenAmburOwen.Ambur@verizon.net