U.S. Department of State and U.S. Agency for International DevelopmentU.S. Department of State and U.S. Agency for International DevelopmentDOSAID_1ef780b8-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a_1ef78b9e-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2aAdvance freedom for the benefit of the American people and the international community by helping to build and sustain a more democratic, secure, and prosperous world composed of well-governed states that respond to the needs of their people, reduce widespread poverty, and act responsibly within the international system._1ef78d92-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2aLoyaltyCommitment to the United States and the American people.CharacterMaintenance of the highest ethical standards and integrity.ServiceExcellence in the formulation of policy and program management with room for creative dissent. Implementation of policy and management practices, regardless of personal views.AccountabilityResponsibility for meeting the highest performance standards.CommunityDedication to teamwork, professionalism, and the customer perspective.DiversityCommitment to having a workforce that represents the diversity of America.Peace and SecurityAchieving peace and security_1ef78f2c-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a1Department of Homeland SecurityHomeland Security coordinates intelligence and law enforcement activities and programs that help protect the United States from terrorist and other threats, and leads on immigration, naturalization, repatriation, border and transportation security, and biodefense.Department of DefenseDefense coordinates closely on counterterrorism and counter-narcotics programs, and provides the military-to-military contacts, assistance, and training that strengthen military and alliance relationships, play an important role in the management of arms transfers and the Excess Defense Articles program, and support the evacuation of non-combatants from crisis or disaster sites. Defense sponsors significant cooperative threat reduction programs and supports the Proliferation Security Initiative. Defense leads in providing security support, when needed, for stabilization and reconstruction activities and participates in government-wide stabilization and reconstruction planning and operations with other agencies.Department of EnergyEnergy sponsors many nuclear nonproliferation programs, including the Global Nuclear Energy Partnership, which the Department helps to implement.Department of JusticeJustice leads on international legal assistance and implements some criminal justice and rule of law programs in conjunction with the Department and USAID. Justice also works with the Department on extradition and to combat transnational crime and narcotics trafficking, including training programs for foreign police forces.Department of the TreasuryTreasury leads money laundering and asset seizure issues, and monitors export controls. The Department co-chairs with Treasury a committee on proliferation financing. The Department chairs, and USAID participates in, the Terrorist Finance Working Group of the Counterterrorism Security Group’s Technical Assistance Sub-GroupDepartment of CommerceCommerce leads on some export control regimes and coordinates on others.Other StakeholdersOther important partners include the Departments of Transportation, Health and Human Services, and Agriculture; the Environmental Protection Agency; the White House Offices of National Drug Control Policy; and U.S. Government intelligence agencies.The United States promotes peace, liberty, and prosperity for all people; security is a necessary precursor tothese worthy goals. The Department and USAID will use every means at our disposal to achieve this goal:traditional and transformational diplomacy, both bilateral and multilateral; vigilant and informed consularoperations; reformed and effective foreign assistance; creative and energetic public diplomacy; and where appropriate,new technologies and operating constructs. We will directly confront threats to national and international security fromterrorism, weapons proliferation, failed or failing states, and political violence. We will strengthen the capability of theU.S. Government and of international partners to prevent or mitigate conflict, stabilize countries in crisis, promote regionalstability, protect civilians, and promote just application of government and law. Our diplomatic, consular, and foreignassistance activities will help shape the international security environment in ways that promote political and economicfreedom and protect the dignity and human rights of all people.CounterterrorismStress the advancement of democracy, the rule of law, and a global environment inhospitable to violent extremism. _1ef79576-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a1.1Terrorism threatens peace and security at home and abroad, and preventing terrorism is one of ourNation’s highest priorities. Our national strategy for combating terrorism appropriately stresses the advancement ofdemocracy, the rule of law, and a global environment inhospitable to violent extremism. Diplomacy and foreign assistancewill support peace and security-related activities that create the necessary space and time for longer-term developmentalsolutions to terrorism to develop and take hold.The heightened threat of terrorism from states with despotic leaders, weak institutions, or underdeveloped capacityrequires that we work to empower people through accountable, legitimate, and democratic governance. Through soundpolicy, effective assistance, and astute public diplomacy, we will promote responsible governance and social tolerance,and counter the misguided belief that terrorism is ever justified.We will build trusted networks that undermine, marginalize, and isolate terrorists; discredit ideologies of hate andviolence; and deliver legitimate alternatives to extremism. We and our partners, both in the U.S. Government and in theinternational community, will work toward dismantling the leadership and networks that provide financing and othermaterial support to terrorists. We will encourage other countries to: deny terrorists access to financial systems andprevent terrorist abuse of charitable institutions; implement the 12 United Nations (UN) counterterrorism instrumentsthat are in force; punish captured terrorists to the full extent of the law; accept return of their nationals who have beendetained by the United States for involvement in terrorist activities; and work with their governments to maintaininternational political will to fight terrorism.The most intractable safe havens exist astride international borders and in regions where ineffective governance allowstheir presence; we must develop the means to deny these havens to terrorists. Where governments are willing but unableto fight terrorism, we will bolster their skills, capacities, and resources.WMD and Conventional WeaponsDevote significant resources to counterproliferation, nonproliferation, verification and compliance enforcement, and consequencemanagement._1ef79832-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a1.2Weapons of mass destruction (WMD) inthe possession of terrorists or hostile states constitute a serious and immediate threat. We will devote significantresources to counterproliferation, nonproliferation, verification and compliance enforcement, and consequencemanagement. We also seek to control the proliferation of destabilizing conventional weapons that undermine stabilityin fragile nations and volatile regions.We will work to prevent the acquisition of WMD by terrorists and hostile states. We will contribute to the internationaleffort to secure, remove, and eliminate WMD, their delivery systems, and related materials through diplomacy, foreignassistance, and counterproliferation efforts. We will continue to build coalitions to interdict proliferation trade, disruptfinancing, and punish violators. Working through international partnerships and organizations such as the GlobalInitiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism, the Group of Eight (G8) Global Partnership, the Organization for the Prohibitionof Chemical Weapons (OPCW), and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), we will strengthen our commoncapacity to deter, prevent, and manage the consequences of WMD terrorist attacks. We will work to strengthen othercountries’ export and border security controls to detect and interdict the illicit movement of WMD. We will work to rollback hostile nuclear weapons programs, and will work with the IAEA to deny states the ability to pursue nuclear weaponsunder the cover of peaceful nuclear energy programs. We will support existing arms control and nonproliferationagreements and verification protocols, and will work with international partners to strengthen their implementation andensure their compliance. We will support cooperative efforts to develop missile defenses.We will reduce stockpiles of destabilizing conventional weapons and munitions, and control their proliferation to areasof concern. Small arms and light weapons fuel civil wars, regional conflicts, and terrorist and criminal activity. We helplimit illicit proliferation by strengthening multilateral export control regimes, and destroying surplus, poorly protected, orotherwise at-risk arms and munitions. We place a high priority on preventing the acquisition by terrorists and insurgentsof Man Portable Air Defense Systems, which are particularly attractive to these groups due to their portability andpotential lethality.Security Cooperation and ReformHelp partners develop the capability to operate with us and other like-minded nations to protect peace, restore security, and when necessary,to fight and win wars._1ef79a8a-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a1.3Responsible governments must be able to deal with threats withintheir own borders and address international problems in partnership with the United States and others. Crime, lawlessness,and armed violence impede economic growth, destroy human and physical capital, damage investment climates, anddivert resources from productive uses. Through security cooperation, including arms transfers, we help partners developthe capability to operate with us and other like-minded nations to protect peace, restore security, and when necessary,to fight and win wars. Security sector reform enhancesgovernments’ ability to deliver adequate security andresponsive, transparent, and accountable governmentthrough the rule of law.We will develop and maintain effective security relationshipswith other countries and international organizations.We will build strong partnerships throughrobust political-military activities such as defensetrade and export control regimes; arms control,nonproliferation, and disarmament agreements andverification protocols; international treaties, alliances, and burden-sharing agreements; security assistanceprograms; international exercises; and activeconfidence-building measures. We will build thecapacity of partners to counter regional threats. Thiswill enable them to deploy to international peacekeepingand humanitarian relief operations, and tocoalition warfighting and stabilization missions inthe interest of delivering peace and security.We will support efforts to strengthen partner nations’law enforcement, internal defense, and borderand maritime security capabilities. An effective,accountable, and civilian-controlled security sector delivers a critical public service viewed as legitimate by the populationit serves. We will support the professionalization and accountability of law enforcement institutions, including bordersecurity, and internal defense and military forces. With other donor nations, we will pursue a comprehensive approach tosecurity sector reform in order to harness the capabilities of all interagency actors involved in such reforms.Conflict Prevention, Mitigation, and ResponseSupport conflict mitigation, peace, reconciliation, and justice processes._1ef79cb0-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a1.4Recent armed conflicts have claimed hundreds of thousands of civilianlives and generated millions of refugees, asylum seekers, and internally displaced persons. Conflict discourages investment,destroys infrastructure, derails development, fuels criminality and extremism, and undermines support for democracy.Diplomacy and assistance programs promote the peaceful resolution of differences, reduction of violence when it occurs,establishment of frameworks for peace and reconciliation in ongoing conflicts, and protection of human rights fromsystematic violation.We will support conflict mitigation, peace, reconciliation, and justice processes. Our diplomatic and development activitieswill reduce the threat or impact of violent conflict by developing early warning, crisis response planning and management,and rapid response capability. Peace, reconciliation, and justice processes will stress opportunities to bring togetheropposing parties, support negotiation processes, promote indigenous peace building efforts, and support appropriateprocesses to hold accountable perpetrators of mass atrocities. We will emphasize regional solutions to regional problemsand sustainable, long-term strategies to address complex challenges.We will work closely with host government, international, and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to promotesecurity for civilians caught in conflict. We will strive to ensure access to threatened populations, support staff whomonitor and resolve security problems, educate civilians about their rights and responsibilities for security, and designinterventions and alternatives when security concerns arise. This will include educating local forces about internationalprotection standards, the rights of civilians in conflict, and the protection responsibilities of states and other partiesinvolved in conflict. Our humanitarian mine action programs enable affected nations to eliminate landmines and otherexplosive remnants of war that impede recovery from conflict.We will develop U.S. Government and partner capacity to conduct effective stabilization and reconstruction operations.We will lead and coordinate whole-of-government efforts to prepare, plan for, and conduct stabilization and reconstructionoperations. We will strengthen collaboration with key partners, including the UN, the G8, regional organizations, andbilateral allies to improve international conflict prevention efforts and bolster national and international capabilities to respond to conflict and post-conflict situations. Recognizing that post-conflict states may have limited capacity andprecarious legitimacy, the Department and USAID will help governments meet immediate demands for security andjustice through transformational assistance strategies that will rely heavily on legitimate non-governmental actors, whilestrengthening legitimate state institutions.Transnational CrimeWork with our partner nations to combat transnational crime._1ef79ef4-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a1.5World Trade Organization (WTO)Transnational crime threatens the stability of countries, particularly in the developing world andcountries with fragile transitional economies. It impedes legitimate economic activity, threatens public order, underminesthe rule of law and citizens’ confidence in government, diverts resources, and can finance terrorist activities. Traffickingin persons is an egregious abuse of human rights and a security threat to both national and international interests. Statesthat fail to implement adequate measures to curtail transnational crime will find it more difficult to join internationalbodies, such as the World Trade Organization (WTO), through which we promote cooperation on many issues of importanceto peace and security.We will continue to fight the production, transportation, and sale of illegal narcotics. We seek to: eliminate the cultivationand refinement of coca and opium poppy; reduce the flow of illegal drugs to the United States; establish alternativelivelihoods for illegal growers; build the will and capacity abroad to arrest, prosecute, and punish traffickers; and assistpartner countries to prevent drug use. We will focus on eradication and interdiction activities—important aspects ofsecurity cooperation that strengthen our partners’ internal intelligence and law enforcement capabilities.We will work to establish comprehensive legislative, regulatory, and enforcement regimes, and work with our partnernations to combat transnational crime. We will combat financial crimes and money laundering, organized and gangrelatedcrime, cyber crime, and intellectual property theft. We will promote international cooperation and coordinationon combating international criminal activities, and provide training and technical assistance to build institutional capacityto uphold the rule of law.We will lead international efforts to combat trafficking in persons and migrant smuggling. We will support theimplementation and enforcement of anti-trafficking legislation, and promote national, bilateral, and multilateral activitiesthat protect and assist victims, prosecute traffickers and smugglers, and prevent further victimization throughtrafficking.Homeland securityProtect U.S. national borders through sharing information within and between governments, improving passport security, and implementing effective visa adjudication processes that deny access to individuals who pose risksto U.S. national security._1ef7a160-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a1.6National security starts overseas, and our mission is to create conditions abroad that serve andprotect American citizens and interests. Our consular and infrastructure protection programs play a critical role inprotecting American borders, transportation systems, and critical infrastructure. We will ensure that our consular policies and systems strengthen our borders to protect our homeland. At home andabroad we protect U.S. national borders through sharing information within and between governments, improvingpassport security, and implementing effective visa adjudication processes that deny access to individuals who pose risksto U.S. national security.We will protect our economic vitality throughenhanced security of the U.S. transportation sector.We work with foreign counterparts, internationalorganizations, and the private sector throughprograms such as the Container Security Initiative toimprove security standards in the maritime andaviation transportation sectors.We will continue to play an important role in CriticalInfrastructure Protection, working with and throughour partners. We are intensifying our efforts to protectthe physical and cyber infrastructure we share withother nations and upon which our economies andmutual security depend. Working with G8 and other allies and through organizations such as the InternationalTelecommunication Union, we are developing and strengthening standards for the protection of key infrastructure,including the Internet.Just and Democratic GovernancePromote and strengthen effective democracies and move them along a continuum toward democratic consolidation._1ef7a3f4-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a2Broadcasting Board of Governors (BBG)BBG communicates democracy and human rights promotion messages abroad.Department of LaborLabor monitors labor conditions around the world, including child labor, and provides technical assistance to promote labor rights and standards.Department of JusticeJustice provides expertise in police and judicial reform.Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC)MCC encourages good governance by rewarding countries that govern justly with economic assistance.Department of CommerceCommerce supports the sustainable development of transparent and accountable business practices overseas.The United States supports just and democratic governance for three distinct but related reasons: as amatter of principle; as a contribution to U.S. national security; and as a cornerstone of our broaderdevelopment agenda. First, the U.S. political system and national identity are grounded in the belief thatall people share fundamental rights that are best exercised and guaranteed by capable and democratic governance.Second, as outlined in the President’s Freedom Agenda and the National Security Strategy, good governance anddemocracy promotion are central to U.S. national security and the global war on terror. Failed and authoritarian statesthat do not respond to the needs of their people or respect international human rights and democratic norms pose along-term threat to the security of the United States and other democracies. Finally, U.S. support for anti-corruption, goodgovernance, and democratization reinforces our development and transformational diplomacy goals of working withpartners to help them build their own sustainable institutions of democratic governance. The U.S. Government goal is topromote and strengthen effective democracies and move them along a continuum toward democratic consolidation.Strategies and programs that support the Strategic Goal of “GoverningJustly and Democratically” take into account the challenges and opportunitiespresented by each country category as outlined in Appendix I. In restrictivecountries, the emphasis will be on building political parties and supportingcivil society to challenge closed regimes, sustaining the work of humanrights defenders, and supporting independent media. In rebuilding countries,the emphasis will be on promoting government that is effective andlegitimate, while protecting human rights and supporting civil society.In developing countries, we seek to strengthen the rule of law and goodgovernance, advance anti-corruption measures, build the capacity of politicalparties, and expand the growth of civil society. In transforming countries,the focus will be on institutionalizing democracy and good governance, while sustaining a healthy civil society. The needfor this assistance in sustaining partner countries varies according to the level of democratization in each country, and ourefforts here could range from supporting nascent civil society organizations to training civil servants in key institutions.Rule of Law and Human RightsAdvance and protect human and individual rights as embodied in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and international conventions._1ef7a688-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a2.1As President Bush said in his January 2002 State of the Union Address, “America willalways stand firm for the non-negotiable demands of human dignity: the rule of law; limits on the power of the state;respect for women; private property; free speech; equal justice; and religious tolerance.” Our objectives in this area areto advance and protect human and individual rights as embodied in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights andinternational conventions to which states are signatory, and to promote societies in which the state and its citizens are accountable to laws that are publicly promulgated, equally enforced, and independently adjudicated, and which areconsistent with international norms and standards. To accomplish this, we will speak out forthrightly through publicstatements and instruments such as the Human Rights Practices, Trafficking in Persons, and International ReligiousFreedom reports. We will speak out against states that wield the law as a political weapon or instrument of repression,and that manipulate laws and the judicial system in order to maintain power. We will speak in defense of human rightsdefenders who are silenced by their governments in order to draw international attention to their plight. We will activelypromote the recognition of freedom of religion and conscience throughout the world as a fundamental human right, anddenounce regimes that persecute their citizens or others on the basis of religious belief. We will promote and monitoruniversal recognition and implementation of labor rights and the abolition of abusive child labor practices, and willencourage responsible corporate social behavior. We will protect the rights of women and other underserved populations,including trafficking victims. We will work with members of the UN General Assembly, UN Human Rights Council andother multilateral mechanisms to call countries to account on their performance. We will complement our diplomaticactivity by using our foreign assistance to:Constitutions, Laws, and Legal Frameworks Support and assist the development or amendment of constitutions, laws, and legal frameworks that are derived through democratic processes and are consistent with international human rights standards._1ef7a944-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a2.1.1Judicial Independence and ImpartialityStrengthen judicial independence and impartiality as a means to check excessive power in any branch or level of government by improving processes for judicial review, selection, and self-governance._1ef7ae30-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a2.1.2War Crimes, Genocide, and Crimes Against HumanitySupport and assist international and domestic courts and tribunals investigating and prosecuting instances of war crimes, genocide, and crimes against humanity._1ef7b1b4-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a2.1.3JusticeEnsure an effective and equitable justice system by: improving professional capacities and administrative and operational systems of actors and institutions; developing and implementing fair procedures; expanding access tojustice; and ensuring adequate oversight, advocacy, and accountability._1ef7b4ca-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a2.1.4Human RightsProtect and promote human rights through education and awareness, training, and support for human rights advocates and defenders, including legal defense for advocates under pressure by their governments, and by strengthening mechanisms for human rights protection._1ef7b9fc-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a2.1.5Good GovernancePromote democratic institutions that are effective, responsive, sustainable, and accountable to the people._1ef7bdb2-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a2.2Our objective in this area is to promote democratic institutions that are effective, responsive,sustainable, and accountable to the people. Constitutional order, legal frameworks, and judicial independence constitutethe foundation for a well-functioning society, but they remain hollow unless the government has the capacity to applythese tools appropriately. The fight against corruption cuts across all of these efforts and works to prevent abuses ofpower. To accomplish this, we will use diplomatic engagement and foreign assistance to:Legislative, Lawmaking, and Legal Reform ProcessesStrengthen legislative, lawmaking, and legal reform processes, as well as legislative management, administration, accountability, and transparency by providing training on policy analysis, bill drafting, budgeting, constituentrelations, administration, and oversight._1ef7c0c8-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a2.2.1Corruption and AccountabilityWork to reduce corruption to foster citizen confidence and help develop legitimate, stable, democratic institutions that are accountable to the people._1ef7c604-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a2.2.2Decentralization, Reforms, and TrainingPromote and support decentralization, assist with anti-corruption reforms, and strengthen public sector executive functions by providing training on financial planning and management, strategic planning, decision-making, policyreform, accountability, and oversight._1ef7ca14-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a2.2.3Security and Human Rights StandardsPromote the professionalization of the security sector and adherence to international human rights standards._1ef7cda2-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a2.2.4Millennium Challenge AccountEmploy the Millennium Challenge Account (MCA) to contribute to a system of incentives for countries to rule justly, invest in their people, and encourage economic freedom._1ef7d32e-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a2.2.5PartnershipsWork with like-minded partners and with the G8, UN, Community of Democracies, the Global Forum on Fighting Corruption, and regional organizations, such as the Organization of American States (OAS) and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), to bolster nascent democracies and to call repressive regimes to account._1ef7d806-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a2.2.6G8UNCommunity of DemocraciesGlobal Forum on Fighting CorruptionOrganization of American States (OAS)Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)UN Convention Against CorruptionWork to implement the UN Convention Against Corruption by assisting countries to fulfill their obligations to criminalize corrupt behaviors and develop integrity systems that strengthen institutions and their ability to resist corruption._1ef7dbda-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a2.2.7Political Competition and Consensus BuildingEncourage the development of transparent and inclusive electoral and political processes, and democratic, responsive, and effective political parties._1ef7e274-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a2.3Our objective in this area is to encourage the development oftransparent and inclusive electoral and political processes, and democratic, responsive, and effective political parties.Political parties are indispensable vehicles for like-minded citizens to organize and compete through electoral processesfor the right to govern. Parties also serve as vehicles to aggregate and articulate the interests of their members andconstituents. Consensus-building processes are critical where fundamental issues about the democratization processhave not yet been settled. We seek to promote consensus-building among government, political parties, and civil societyto advance a common democratic agenda. To accomplish this, we will use diplomatic and foreign assistance tools to:Elections and Political ProcessesSupport free, fair, legitimate, and credible elections and politicalprocesses by helping develop impartial electoral, legal and institutionalframeworks; provide assistance for election monitoring, oversight, andsecurity; and support effective election administration._1ef7e760-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a2.3.1Political PartiesDevelop and strengthen democratic political parties through supportfor developing or reforming political party legal and institutionalframeworks; support political party organizational development,campaign techniques, and constituent outreach; improve therepresentational capacity of political parties and strengthen theirability to participate responsibly in government._1ef7eb52-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a2.3.2Citizen AwarenessWork with governments and local entities to increase citizen awareness of rights and responsibilities, and encourage greater participation in political processes._1ef7f174-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a2.3.3Consensus-Building Support consensus-building processes, enfranchisement, access, and participation, particularly of marginalized groups._1ef7f61a-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a2.3.4Marginalized GroupsCivil SocietyEmpower individuals to exercise peacefully their rights of expression,association, and assembly._1ef7f9da-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a2.4Our objective in this area is to empower individuals to exercise peacefully their rights of expression,association, and assembly, including through their establishing and participating in NGOs, unions, and other civil societyorganizations. We will actively protect and promote the right of individuals and civil society organizations to advocatetheir views and communicate with their own members, with their own and other governments, international bodies, andother elements of civil society inside or outside the countries in which they are based. We will seek to protect and promote access to objective information, including through free, open, and independent media, and through newtechnologies, including the Internet. We will spotlight abuses of civil society freedoms, denounce crackdowns on civilsociety and independent media, and publicly demonstrate our solidarity with NGOs, labor unions, and journalists underthreat. We will complement this diplomatic activity with foreign assistance to:NGOsDevelop and strengthen the capacity of NGOs to advocate for good governance, democratization, and human rights through training and technical assistance in areas such as coalition building, strategic planning and communications,and laws and legal protections._1ef7ff98-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a2.4.1Media FreedomAdvance media freedom by helping to create and develop independent media outlets and media infrastructure, and by providing training on media sector skills (e.g., reporting and investigative techniques), processes, and products,including Web-based services._1ef803c6-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a2.4.2Citizen Participation and OversightIncrease citizen participation and oversight in governance through education and awareness training on rights and responsibilities._1ef8081c-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a2.4.3CitizensUN Democracy FundSustain the UN Democracy Fund’s support to civil society organizations._1ef80e02-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a2.4.4Investing in PeopleHelp nations achieve sustainable improvements in the well-being andproductivity of their populations, while advancing American interests, through diplomatic and assistance initiatives that promote effective and accountable health, education, and other social services._1ef8135c-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a3Department of Health and Human ServicesHealth and Human Services and its constituent agencies (e.g., Centers for Disease Control, National Institutes of Health, Health Resources and Services Administration, and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration) are major partners in meeting the U.S. objectives for health.Environmental Protection AgencyEPA supports health-related projects such as improving water quality and reducing indoor air pollution.Department of Homeland SecurityHomeland Security cooperates on programs to prevent the spread of avian influenza.Department of DefenseDefense coordinates on health programs in post-conflict situations and provides military to-military assistance to fight HIV/AIDS in military populations.Department of AgricultureAgriculture coordinates with USAID on child nutrition, avian influenza, and providing incentives for school attendance.Department of EducationEducation represents the U.S. Government in many international fora.Peace CorpsPeace Corps supports Investing in People programs at the community level.Millennium Challenge CorporationMCC supports all the Investing in People objectives.Other StakeholdersDepartments of Commerce, Labor, and Justice.In his 2006 State of the Union Address, President Bush said, “For people everywhere, the United States is a partnerfor a better life. Short-changing these efforts would increase the suffering and chaos of our world, undercut ourlong-term security and dull the conscience of our country.”Ensuring good health, improving access to education, and protecting vulnerable populations are critical to transformationaldiplomacy. By building the capacity of partner countries to invest in their people, our diplomatic and assistance initiativesbenefit developing nations and strengthen international respect for the United States. These efforts support U.S. nationalinterests and lay the foundation for the success of transformational diplomacy.The Strategic Goal of “Investing in People” is to help nations achieve sustainable improvements in the well-being andproductivity of their populations, while advancing American interests, through diplomatic and assistance initiatives thatpromote effective and accountable health, education, and other social services. The strategic approach builds sustainablecapacity in recipient countries to meet the needs of their populations in these areas. These efforts also improve thecapabilities of individuals to contribute to economic development and participate in democratic decision-making, whileameliorating the root causes of poverty and conflict.HealthImprove global health, including child, maternal, and reproductive health;reduce disease, especially HIV/AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis, and polio; and increase access to improved drinking water and sanitation services._1ef8176c-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a3.1Our objectives in this area are to: improve global health, including child, maternal, and reproductive health;reduce disease, especially HIV/AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis, and polio; and increase access to improved drinking water andsanitation services. Our diplomatic and assistance efforts in health also reduce risks of infectious diseases migrating tothe United States.HIV/AIDS poses a unique threat to health and development, and the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR)provides significant funding for a wide range of prevention, care, and treatment activities to countries experiencing themost serious effects of HIV/AIDS. The President has launched major U.S. initiatives to: reduce the transmission andimpact of HIV/AIDS; control malaria and reduce related mortality; limit the spread of avian influenza and prevent a humaninfluenza pandemic; and, in the event of a pandemic, provide appropriate medical and humanitarian response. A key U.S.foreign policy objective and one of our highest international public health priorities is the complete eradication of polio.The United States also engages diplomatically to build partnerships and provide direct foreign assistance in global effortsto: fight other infectious diseases; improve disease surveillance and environmental health; and develop new vaccines.The HIV/AIDS pandemic and the threat of pandemic influenza require immediate, coordinated, and sustained interventionamong agencies, host governments, and international partners, combining diplomatic efforts to bring parties togetherwith direct foreign assistance. HIV/AIDS programs coordinate with other agencies and partners that have corecompetencies in areas such as food assistance, education, microfinance, and family planning to ensure comprehensiveprograms that advance overall well-being.Critical disease hazards in developing nations include tuberculosis, malaria, pneumonia and diarrhea. Many children andmothers die each year from treatable causes, so a special focus is needed for these groups. Malaria causes over one million deaths a year, and children are the vast majority of the victims. The President’s Malaria Initiative (PMI) providesboth coordinated development programs and strong diplomatic efforts to promote sustained political commitments tocounter malaria by host countries.Nearly half of women who express a need for family planning are not using a modern method. In some countries, womenhave nearly two abortions for every birth. Where family planning is not used effectively, women have children closertogether, leading to especially low child survival rates and poor maternal health. Programs in family planning andreproductive health will: expand access to high-quality, voluntary, family planning services and information; expandaccess to reproductive health care to reduce unintended pregnancy; promote healthy reproductive behaviors of men andwomen; reduce abortion; and reduce maternal and child mortality and morbidity.Programs for maternal and child health will increase the availability and use of proven interventions addressing the majorkillers of mothers and children, and improve their health and nutrition status. These programs include: effective maternitycare and management of obstetric complications; prevention services such as newborn care, routine immunization, polioeradication, and micronutrients; improved maternal, infant, and young child feeding; and treatment of life-threateningchildhood illnesses.The failure or absence of functioning health infrastructure and services in large parts of the world presents a range ofchallenges to U.S. interests and to human life and welfare. U.S. investments in health strengthen local capacity in diseaseoutbreak detection and response; strengthen delivery of health services, essential drugs, and commodities; ensureadoption of best practices by field programs; provide technical oversight; and support health technology advances.The human health consequences of unsafe water and poor hygiene are severe. Half of the world’s hospital beds areoccupied by people suffering from illnesses related to water. Diarrhea linked to unsafe water, sanitation, and hygieneaccounts for nearly two million deaths among young children in developing countries each year. The U.S. Governmentengages donors and developing countries to ensure a focused commitment to expand access to, and effective use of,reliable and economically sustainable safe drinking water and sanitation services to improve human health. The U.S.Government also works to improve water resources management and increase water productivity, and to improve watersecurity by strengthening cooperation on shared waters. Some activities that support these goals are: strengtheningwater sector governance by local, national, and regional institutions; mobilizing domestic resources; promoting large andsmall scale infrastructure investment; advancing improved hygiene activities for public health protection; encouragingscience and technology cooperation to advance knowledge in areas related to water management; and promotingprevention, preparedness, and mitigation measures in response to disasters.EducationHelp those in the developing world gain the skills and knowledge they need tobuild free and prosperous societies._1ef81b7c-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a3.2The United States seeks to help those in the developing world gain the skills and knowledge they need tobuild free and prosperous societies. U.S. educational assistance has been particularly valuable in establishing andextending a lasting, positive image of the United States. This isespecially true given the extent to which inadequate educationalopportunity and poor educational quality hampers humandevelopment in large parts of the world. Approximately 770million adults are illiterate, while 77 million primary schoolagedchildren—most of them girls—are not enrolled in school.In Sub-Saharan Africa, only two-thirds of children who enterprimary school complete it. Given these circumstances, it is not surprising that investments in basic education generally yield high returns, particularlyin the developing world. It is the foundation on which individuals and institutions build stable and prosperous lives anddemocratic states. The quality and accessibility of basic education play a critical role in determining whether learnersacquire core skills, including literacy and numeracy, and have a chance to continue their education. Given the particularlysignificant challenges facing girls, we will devote special efforts to reducing barriers to education for them. Educatingpeople in critical thinking and the scientific method builds demand for objective, democratic decision-making based onthe rule of reason, while preparing citizens to become productive participants in the local polity and economy. Moreover,higher education strengthens the institutional capacities of public and private institutions to: teach, train, conductresearch, and provide community service; contribute to development; and promote professional development opportunities,institutional linkages, and exchange programs.The U.S. Government helps build education systems that enable countries to better compete in the global economy byenhancing knowledge and skills and improving education completion rates. Educational systems must foster equitableaccess, as well as the quality and mix of human capital needed for accelerated national development. By promotinglinkages with U.S.-based institutions, our assistance will strengthen the capacity of universities and colleges to helpaddress their countries’ development problems.Sharing knowledge with other countries also yields direct benefits for the United States. For example, joint research anddevelopment efforts with other nations build U.S. knowledge, while leveraging resources to advance science in areasranging from space exploration to the development of new energy technologies. Thus, we will promote sharing ofknowledge in the international scientific community that will enhance the efficiency and hasten the fruition of U.S.research efforts, and promote international scientific collaboration.Social Services and Protection for Vulnerable PopulationsHelp especially vulnerable populations manage risks and gain access to opportunities that support their full and productive participation in society. _1ef81fdc-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a3.1Vulnerable PopulationsOur objective in this area is to help especially vulnerablepopulations manage risks and gain access to opportunities thatsupport their full and productive participation in society. Providing asocial safety net for and protecting the rights of such groups areamong a nation’s greatest responsibilities. The U.S. Governmentsupports policies, regulations, systems and capacities to develop orreform safety nets. When structured effectively, safety nets providedby governments, international organizations, and NGOs can mitigatethe long-term and social economic impacts of conflict and torture,and help populations rebound from temporary adversity or cope with chronic poverty, reduce vulnerability, and increaseself-reliance. These services build faith in state institutions and political support for effective governance.Social services will assist those whose needs are not addressed under humanitarian assistance or other programs,facilitating a transition from humanitarian relief to longer-term development and growth. These include groups such as:the disabled; orphans, children, and at-risk youth; victims of trafficking, gender-based violence, or torture; refugees,returnees, ethnic minorities, internally displaced or other socially excluded groups; the elderly; and female heads ofhousehold. Services may protect groups, mitigate adverse conditions they face, or remove barriers to help integrate theminto society. Components may include measures to: increase the capacity of local service and advocacy NGOs, andprofessional social workers; establish public/private service delivery partnerships, and family and community-focusedservice models; establish effective referral networks; develop appropriate service protocols and methods for screening prospective recipients; and improve public understanding and sensitivity to the needs of the vulnerable. For the poor orthose suffering from temporary shocks, financial or technical support is provided to meet basic needs, enable cashtransfers with conditions, and provide subsidized access to key services.Economic Growth and ProsperityLay the groundwork for future growth and support sustainable use of natural resources._1ef82450-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a4U.S. Trade RepresentativeUSTR coordinates trade policy and trade negotiations.Millennium Challenge CorporationMCC is a key partner in the provision of development assistance.Department of AgricultureAgriculture is a key partner, particularly in provision of food aid, promotion of farm exports, and technical assistance for forest management.Department of the TreasuryTreasury directs U.S. policy in the international financial institutions and cooperates on initiatives such as the Global Environment Facility.Department of CommerceCommerce works in support of U.S. businesses overseas and through the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration on marine resource issues, coastal zone management, and meteorology.Other StakeholdersDepartments of Defense, Energy, Justice, and Interior; the Environmental Protection Agency; the Federal Communications Commission; the National Aeronautics and Space Administration; the Overseas Private Investment Corporation, the Export-Import Bank, the u.S. Trade and Development Agency, the Small Business Administration, the Peace Corps, and the u.S. Geological Survey.In his 2006 State of the Union Address, President Bush said, “We will choose to act confidently in pursuing theenemies of freedom—or retreat from our duties in the hope of an easier life. We will choose to build our prosperityby leading the world economy—or shut ourselves off from trade and opportunity.”As the world’s largest economy and trading nation, the United States derives enormous benefits from a stable, resilient,and growing world economy. In 2005, total U.S. trade accounted for more than one-quarter of the Nation’s income, whileexports alone provided 20 percent of its economic growth. One out of every three acres of U.S. farmland is devoted toexports, as is one out of six jobs in manufacturing. Foreign investment in the United States is estimated at more than$12 trillion—roughly equal to one year of the U.S. economy’s output—while the value of U.S.-owned assets abroad isonly modestly lower.Helping poorer countries share in the virtuous circle of development and achieve rapid, sustained, and broad-basedgrowth is also in U.S. vital national security interests. Economic growth is essential to allow countries to reduce andeventually eliminate extreme poverty. Growth also generates the resources countries need to address a wide range ofother development challenges, such as poor health and inadequate education. Countries that prosper tend to be moretolerant, more willing to settle disputes peacefully, and more inclined to favor democracy.The U.S. Government’s goal is rapid, sustainable, and broad-based economic growth, both domestically and internationally.To address the development challenges of the future, we must ensure that we lay the groundwork for future growth andsupport sustainable use of natural resources. We will work to ensure that our efforts effectively target women becausegrowth will lag without the full participation of women.Together with our coalition partners and the international community, we will support economic growth and developmentin Iraq and Afghanistan—two critical countries on the front lines in the war on terror—by coordinating reconstructionassistance, negotiating debt relief, and facilitating access to international markets.We will continue to help integrate developing nations into the global economy. Coordination with the MillenniumChallenge Corporation (MCC)—which has pioneered a revolution in development assistance by focusing our assistanceon countries that govern justly, invest in their people, and foster economic freedom—ensures a comprehensiveU.S. Government support of economic development activities.In the years ahead, we will build upon our diplomacy and development assistance successes in promoting economicgrowth and prosperity in opening markets, pursuing ambitious trade and investment agendas, assisting reform-mindedgovernments to build the capacity to implement and sustain economic reforms effectively, multiplying developmentefforts through private sector participation and recipient country accountability, supporting U.S. businesses throughadvocacy, and helping areas rebuild from war, terrorism, and natural disasters.Private MarketsSupport free markets and free trade to unleash the power of the privatesector to promote economic growth and prosperity in the United States and abroad._1ef828ce-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a4.1The President’s 2006National Security Strategy notes that “a strong worldeconomy enhances our national security by advancingprosperity and freedom in the rest of the world.” Workingwith other agencies, foreign governments, the privatesector, and multilateral institutions, we will support freemarkets and free trade to unleash the power of the privatesector to promote economic growth and prosperity in theUnited States and abroad.Private capital flows are an important resource for development that can complement official development assistance.Investors, however, wisely avoid unpredictable investment environments. For that reason, we will work with other nationsand international organizations to assist countries committed to building the capacity, institutions, and legal systems vitalto enable economic good governance and other related reforms to take root. Programs in these areas will complementbroader good governance efforts. The Department and USAID will strengthen efforts on corporate governance, accounting,and financial transparency. We also will strengthen efforts to combat corruption, including through the National Strategyto Internationalize Efforts against Kleptocracy, the Anti-Bribery Convention of the Organization for Economic Cooperationand Development (OECD), the UN Convention on Corruption, and the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI).We will also strengthen bilateral assistance that improves transparency and reduces opportunities for corruption incustoms, government procurement, and other public procedures. We will work to reduce pressures that contribute toillegal immigration and the trafficking of persons, narcotics, and other illicit products.Trade and InvestmentProvide critical support in negotiating and implementing trade agreements and resolving trade disputes. _1ef82dba-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a4.2Increased trade and investment directly benefit American consumers, workers, and businesses.The rules-based trading system has been a principal driver of global economic growth since the end of the Second WorldWar. More than 60 years of post-war history demonstrate that countries that remove barriers to trade succeed in raisinggrowth and reducing poverty, while countries that remain closed are left behind.We will provide critical support in negotiating and implementing trade agreements and resolving trade disputes. We willalso continue to negotiate civil aviation agreements, develop international communications and information policies, andpursue bilateral investment treaties thatopen new markets, support job creation inthe United States, and provide importantprotections to U.S. investors.The United States continues to seeksuccessful completion of the WTO DohaDevelopment Round of global tradenegotiations. Our trade agenda is alsofocused on concluding and implementingstate-of-the-art free trade agreements (FTA)that open new markets for U.S. agriculture, goods, and services and extend strong U.S. investment, transparency, and intellectual property protections abroad. Wewill continue to support programs linked to our FTAs, including support for labor, environmental, and governance activities,needed to ensure a level playing field for U.S. companies. We will ensure that trade capacity-building programs helpdeveloping countries participate in and benefit fully from global, regional, and bilateral trade negotiations.Energy SecurityEnhance U.S. and global energy security by: promoting open and transparent, integrated, and diversified energy markets; encouraging appropriate energy-sector investments to expand access to energy and increaseeconomic growth and opportunity; and developing clean and efficient energy technologies._1ef8327e-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a4.3We will enhance U.S. and global energy security by: promoting open and transparent, integrated, anddiversified energy markets; encouraging appropriate energy-sector investments to expand access to energy and increaseeconomic growth and opportunity; and developing clean and efficient energy technologies. Energy supply disruptionscaused by hurricanes in the United States, disruptions in Russian natural gas supplies, and internal disputes in Nigeriaunderline the need for policies that strengthen energy security. We will intensify engagement with key producers toincrease oil production and capacity and strengthen investment climates to facilitate U.S. oil investment in key resourcerichcountries. Our diplomatic efforts in support of multiple pipelines for Caspian oil and natural gas will broaden thediversification of energy supplies worldwide.Working with the International Energy Agency, we will widen engagement with key drivers of global demand in thedeveloping world (e.g., India and China) on the need to build strategic petroleum stocks, enhance efficiency, adopt cleanand renewable energy technologies, and accelerate market-based domestic policy reforms. In support of the President’s2006 Advanced Energy Initiative to develop alternative sources of energy and reduce foreign dependence, we willstrengthen major international collaborations on cutting-edge energy technology research and development in biofuelsand clean coal power generation, as well as hydrogen, methane, wind, and carbon sequestration.EnvironmentContinue to promote a holistic approach to environmental issues in international fora, integrating our interests in conserving the planet’s resources into our economic plans and activities._1ef8376a-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a4.4Environmental issues such as climate change, protection of natural resources and forests, and transboundarypollution will continue to play a critical role in our diplomatic and development agendas. We will continue to promote aholistic approach to environmental issues in international fora, integrating our interests in conserving the planet’sresources into our economic plans and activities. Transformational economic growth rests on a foundation of scientificallybasedsustainable use of natural resources. In development programs, we build capacity, apply research, and promotetechnological improvements to foster more sustainable natural resource use and the conservation of biodiversity, andresilience to climate change impacts. Recognizing that 1.6 billion people worldwide depend on forest resources for theirlivelihoods, we will promote sustainable forest management, combat illegal trade in timber and timber products, andprotect forest species endangered by overharvesting. We will promote partnerships for economic development thatreduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve air quality, and create other co-benefits by developing markets to employimproved efficiency, conservation, and low carbon energy sources. We will continue working with our partners at theOECD to improve policies in industrialized countries while simultaneously supporting our developing country partners intheir efforts to protect the environment.AgricultureSupport agricultural trade and market systems that link producers to markets, add value to products._1ef83c6a-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a4.5The United States has strong political, economic, and humanitarian interests in supporting agriculturalgrowth in poorer countries. We will support: agricultural trade and market systems that link producers to markets, addvalue to products, and increase rural incomes and opportunities; scientific and technological applications, includingbiotechnology, that harness new technology to raise agricultural productivity and provide a more stable, nutritious, andaffordable food supply; local organizations that provide services and give political voice to producers; integration ofvulnerable groups into development processes; development of human capital and institutions in and for agriculture;reduced negative environmental impacts; and natural resource management that contributes to rural sector growth. As women are the major food producers in many regions, we will work to ensure that women benefit from investmentsin technology and strengthening of markets.Humanitarian AssistanceSave lives, alleviate suffering, and minimize the economic costs of conflict, disasters, and displacement._1ef8417e-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a5Department of Homeland SecurityHomeland Security is responsible for refugee adjudications for resettlement into the United States and for admitting such individuals upon arrival. Our Homeland Security colleagues also provide the technical expertise on migration related matters for U.S. Government involvement in regional migration dialogues.Department of Health and Human ServicesHealth and Human Services is a key partner in international emergency and refugee health issues, particularly through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s work with the UN and other humanitarian partners.Department of DefenseDefense plays an important role in efforts to mobilize large-scale logistical support in humanitarian emergencies; to stabilize countries affected by conflict, including providing security for the provision of humanitarian assistance; and to provide humanitarian assistance in environments so insecure that civilian agencies are not able to operate.A s stated in the National Security Strategy of 2006, “We will work to bolster threatened states, providerelief in times of crisis, and build capacity in developing states to increase their progress.” A nation’sability to build and sustain a democratic and well-governed state that responds to the needs of its citizensis diminished or absent when affected by conflict or natural disaster. Conflicts, disasters, and human rights abusesthreaten people’s lives and health, displace people, divide families, destabilize societies, and erode living standards.All countries face some risk of humanitarian emergency. An estimated 37 million people around the world are currentlyuprooted from their homes, 820 million do not have enough food to eat, and millions more are affected by conflict anddisasters where they live. Humanitarian assistance responds to their needs, and transforms affected countries by forginga path toward recovery, growth, and stability.On behalf of the American people, the U.S. Government leads the international community in responding to the needs ofrefugees, internally displaced persons, victims of conflict and disasters, and vulnerable migrants. For many Americans,humanitarian assistance is the hallmark of U.S. foreign policy engagement and a demonstration of American compassion.The U.S. Government directly supports more than one-quarter of the cost of humanitarian activities undertaken by the UNand Red Cross organizations, and provides strong support to other NGOs. The United States is also a leader in thepromotion of legal, orderly, and humane migration, building on our history and values as a country of immigration.The goal of humanitarian assistance is to save lives, alleviate suffering, and minimize the economic costs of conflict, disasters,and displacement. It requires urgent responses to rapid-onset emergencies, and concerted efforts to address hunger andprotracted crisis situations, and build capacity to prevent and mitigate the effects of conflict and disasters. Humanitarianassistance is also the genesis of the transition to longtermpolitical, economic, and social investments thatcan eliminate the root causes of conflict anddisplacement. The United States leads the internationalcommunity in providing humanitarian assistance that isdone on the basis of need alone and according to theprinciples of universality, impartiality, and humandignity. Without exception, flexibility to respond quicklyis critical. We will improve strong, complementarymultilateral and bilateral approaches to humanitarianassistance and promote responses that are rapid andwell-coordinated. The United States will continue to be actively engaged in a major effort to reform UN humanitarian response, thereby holding it accountable with clearmeasurements for success. We will leverage influence, accountability, and responsibility-sharing by providing reliable andpredictable contributions to international organizations. We will mobilize other donor governments, host governments,international organizations, NGOs and others in the private sector to maximize the effectiveness of humanitarian aid onbehalf of beneficiaries and U.S. taxpayers.Protection, Assistance, and Solutions_1ef8469c-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a5.1ProtectionProtect civilians affected by conflict, disaster, and displacement from physical harm, persecution, exploitation, abuse, malnutrition and disease, familyseparation, gender-based violence, forcible recruitment, and other threats._1ef84c0a-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a5.1.1U.S. humanitarian aid will protect civilians affectedby conflict, disaster, and displacement from physical harm,persecution, exploitation, abuse, malnutrition and disease, familyseparation, gender-based violence, forcible recruitment, andother threats, to ensure that their full rights as individuals aresafe-guarded. We will continue to insist that our partners adhereto humanitarian laws and principles, and provide protection andassistance under the guiding principle of “do no harm.” We willwork diplomatically to negotiate safe access for humanitarianworkers, and to encourage other governments to respect andadhere to international refugee and human rights laws, includingpreventing the forcible return of refugees to countries where theywould be at risk of harm or persecution. We will advocate andsupport humanitarian programs designed to identify and protectthe most vulnerable within affected populations, such as singleheads of households, children, the elderly, ethnic minorities, andthe disabled, to ensure that they have equal access to assistance.U.S. Government partners will implement codes of conductprohibiting exploitation, with emphasis on protection of womenand children. We will support programs that deter violence against women and address its consequences for survivors.AssistanceProvide life-saving disaster relief, including food aid, and other humanitarian assistance to people affected by natural disasters and complex, human-made crises._1ef85150-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a5.1.2The U.S. Government provides life-saving disaster relief, including food aid, and other humanitarian assistanceto people affected by natural disasters and complex, human-made crises. Within hours of a disaster, the U.S. Government—through its foreign assistance—mobilizes goods, services, and relief workers to assist survivors with food, water andsanitation, shelter, and health care, and to strengthen local capacity to respond to the humanitarian needs. These programswill strive to uphold international standards for the provision of humanitarian assistance. Where appropriate, we willrestore sustainable livelihoods to encourage self-reliance and minimize the need for long-term assistance. In doing so,U.S. humanitarian assistance begins the process of stabilization and recovery as early as possible.Approximately three billion people in 150 countries have benefited directly from the gift of food from the Americanpeople since the creation of the Food for Peace program. Over the next five years, food aid will continue to be a keyelement of U.S. humanitarian assistance. We will continue working with all stakeholders to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of this program, and to ensure that this most visible gift of the American people continues to contribute topeace and stability in troubled areas of the world.SolutionsAchieve durable solutions to the plight of refugees and internally displaced persons._1ef85970-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a5.1.3RefugeesInternally Displaced PersonsFor millions of refugees and internally displaced persons, our priority is to achieve durable solutions to theirplight. There is no preferred solution, although the majority of displaced people may prefer to return home. The bestsolution must be determined according to the protection needs of the individual or family. Where peace has taken hold,we will facilitate the voluntary return and reintegration of people to their homes in safety and dignity. For those unableto return, we will encourage local integration in their host communities, where both communities and the displaced arewilling. For refugees for whom resettlement to third countries is the appropriate durable solution, the United States willcontinue its tradition of welcoming them to begin new lives in communities across the country.Disaster Prevention and MitigationPrevent and Mitigate Disasters._1ef85f88-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a5.2U.S. foreign assistance will build the capacity of affected countries, American responders,and the international community to reduce disaster risks, prepare for rapid response, and increase the affected population’sability to cope with and recover from the effects of a disaster. We will develop local and global capacity to anticipate andrespond to suffering by establishing and strengthening early warning systems to reduce vulnerabilities to food insecurity,hunger, and famine. Our Famine Early Warning System Network, operational in 30 countries, will encourage collaborationamong international, national, and regional partners to provide timely and relevant information to prevent famine.Preparedness and long-term risk reduction measures minimize the human and economic costs of disasters and offerlasting improvements to communities. Our comprehensive approach to disaster management presents a prototype forsubsequent disaster responses by the international community.Migration ManagementPromote Orderly and Humane Means for Migration Management._1ef8653c-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a5.3EmigrantsImmigrantsPeople migrate for many reasons, including toescape conflict or persecution, to avoid natural disasters and environmental degradation, to seek economic opportunities,and to reunite with family. Among migrants, womenand children are especially vulnerable to exploitationand abuse. Addressing the challenges of migration isimportant, not only because the United States is adestination country, but also because we believe thatthe exploitation of migrants is a serious affront tohuman dignity.The U.S. Government will help build the capacity ofhost governments to manage migration effectivelyand to ensure full respect for the human rights ofvulnerable migrants in accordance with law. We willpromote orderly and humane international migration by supporting and participating in regional migration dialoguesthat bring together governments to share best practices and cooperate on a range of region-specific issues, includingborder control, asylum procedures, and the protection of the human rights of migrants. We will provide protection andother services such as financial, material, and technical assistance to meet basic human needs and reintegrate returningvulnerable migrants. We will continue to support, according to need, the resettlement in Israel of humanitarian migrantsfrom the former Soviet Union, Eastern Europe, Africa and the Near East, and other countries.International UnderstandingPromote international understanding._1ef86b04-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a6Broadcasting Board of GovernorsBBG, consistent with its legislative charter and standards of professional journalism, disseminates information abroad on America and American policies.Department of DefenseDefense provides global support for public diplomacy and assistance activities and is a principal player in the interagency process.Department of Homeland SecurityHomeland Security coordinates intelligence and law enforcement activities and programs that help protect the United States from terrorist and other threats, and leads on issues relating to visa policy and border control procedures.Our values as a nation and as a people are the foundation of our international engagement. The Presidentunderscored this fact when he stated, “America will lead by defending liberty and justice because they areright and true and unchanging for all people everywhere…America will always stand firm for the nonnegotiabledemands of human dignity.” Public perceptions of the United States directly affect our ability to achieve ourforeign policy and development assistance objectives. The Department and USAID will lead the effort to inform theseperceptions of the United States by relating this public face to our values and our history.We will vigorously communicate this intersection of values, interests, and policy. Through engagement, assistance, anddialogue, the Department and USAID will foster a two-way flow of people, ideas, and information—a process defined bymutual learning and respect and designed to create peaceful and productive relationships between the United States andother countries.VisionOffer A Positive Vision._1ef870c2-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a6.1We will offer a positive vision of hope and opportunity. Our vision is rooted in the most basicvalues of the United States: our deep belief in freedom, including freedom of expression and religion, and our belief inthe dignity and equality of every person. We believe that a free people, well-informed, will make the best choices for thecommon good. Factual information is the antidote to ignorance, misunderstanding, and violent extremism.We will link programs and policies with America’s values. Public diplomacy and assistance programs are values in action.We will advocate and create the conditions for religious freedom, freedom of expression, and political participationbecause we believe those are the rights of all people. We will oppose violent extremism and oppression in all its forms.The Department and USAID will sponsor educational programs at all levels, advocate for the rights of people, and partnerwith countries across the world to fight terrorism, which threatens the right of all people everywhere to live in securityand peace.We will highlight the diplomacy of deeds—America’s development and humanitarian assistance. Across the world,America feeds the poor; educates the illiterate; cares for the sick; and assists refugees, internally displaced persons, andvictims of conflict and other disasters. Yet often, the good work of the American people is not recognized. The Departmentand USAID will address the needs of other peoples for improved health and education; for skills and training; and forfood, water, and shelter. We will continue to support the aspirations of other peoples for a better life, and to respondreadily and generously when catastrophes strike around the world. We will facilitate the contributions of the privatesector and individuals and seek ways to inform others of the generosity of the American people. We will broaden participation in public diplomacy and foreign assistance. The challenges facing our Nation are great, andit is essential that all of our talents and skills be brought to bear on their resolution. Building on transformationaldiplomacy, we will seek to focus the U.S. Government on key priorities by establishing public diplomacy centers in Europeand the Middle East to tell, in real time, America’s story in the local language, media, format, and style that conveys aclear and compelling message. We will also enhance our outreach to key communities in the private sector. America’sbusiness, academic, philanthropic, scientific, engineering, and medical sectors, its NGOs, labor unions, and faith-basedand community organizations play a vital and ongoing role in America’s interaction with all nations of the world. We willincreasingly partner with the private sector and draw upon its tremendous resources of experience and expertise. We willencourage Americans to be citizen diplomats, and encourage young Americans to learn critical languages and studyworld geography, history, and culture. The message of volunteerism, community action, and individual empowerment isa powerful one which can be conveyed best by America’s private sector. The individual American citizen is one of ourgreatest public diplomacy assets.ExtremismMarginalize Extremism._1ef876a8-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a6.2Religious LeadersMembers of faith-based communities and religious educators who can speak directly to issuesof tolerance and mutual respect among religions and their followers.Young PeopleToday’s young people are the future of ourworld. They are a focus of propaganda and misinformationby extremists and ideologues. We will engage youngpeople through education and exchanges, sports diplomacy,summer programs, English language teaching, educationaladvising, cultural offerings, exchanges, and other vehicles.Women and GirlsNo country can truly progress politically,socially, and economically unless women are full partnersin all aspects of society and enjoy full equality. TheDepartment and USAID will support the education, training,and advancement of women and girls through exchanges,education programs, literacy and numeracy campaigns,microfinance, nutrition and health support, maternal and infant care, business mentoring, and skills training. We will also support efforts to combat trafficking in persons andcombat the scourge of HIV/AIDS.TeachersTeachers are central to the learning process and among those key influencers with the most direct impacton young men and women. The Department and USAID will continue to focus on professional development andteacher training. We will provide opportunities for teachers to enhance their skills in key subjects, including theEnglish language, and also to foster critical thinking in the classroom.JournalistsTelevision, print, and radio wield enormous influence in shaping opinions and perceptions. We willwork not only to improve the accuracy of media coverage of the United States, its policies and actions, but also tofoster independent media and improve the standards of journalism.We will seek to isolate and undermine violent extremists. Extremists threaten the freedom andpeace sought by civilized people of every nation, culture, and faith. As part of our transformational diplomacy effort, theDepartment and USAID will counter these destructive forces by promoting education and exchanges, democratization,good governance, and economic and human development as a path to a positive future, in just, secure, and pluralisticsocieties. We will seek to isolate and discredit terrorist ideology, de-legitimizing terror as an acceptable tactic to achievepolitical ends, and work to put an end to the pernicious misperception that the United States is hostile to any religion.We will reach out to key influencers. In the world after September 11, 2001, key influencers may not occupy definedpositions in government or society. In the context of values and ideas, we must put increased attention to engaging figuresof authority whose influence is cultural, religious, social, or traditional. We will continue to engage established centers ofinfluence—government officials, business leaders, journalists—but also a broader range of opinion shapers who may falloutside of our “comfortable rolodex.” We will continue to field innovative programs, tailored to regional, country, andsocietal needs. We will foster a climate of openness and de-legitimize terror. Open dialogue, unfettered debate, and freedom of expressionare the antidote to stereotypes and hatred. We will continue to move people and move information around the globe toencourage person-to-person interaction and provide enhanced understanding. We will work with individuals and groupswho can serve as bridges between societies and communities. We will foster grassroots condemnation of terror,encouraging men and women of good will to speak out against violence. We will foster the free flow of information andfacilitate cultural and artistic offerings that reinforce our shared respect for mankind’s heritage. We will create projectsand programs that empower citizens and local governments and organizations to take the lead in the development ofcivil society.Interests and ValuesNurture common interests and values._1ef87ce8-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a6.3Broadcasting Board of GovernorsBBG, consistent with its legislative charter and standards of professionaljournalism, disseminates information abroad on America and American policies.Department of DefenseDefense provides global support for public diplomacy and assistance activities and is a principal player in the interagency process.Department of Homeland SecurityHomeland Security coordinates intelligence and law enforcement activities andprograms that help protect the United States from terrorist and other threats, and leads on issues relating to visapolicy and border control procedures.The Departmentand USAID will work to nurture common interests and valuesbetween Americans and people of different countries,cultures, and faiths across the world. America believes in thedignity and value of every human being in the world. Werespect the historical and cultural roots that underlie otherpolitical and social systems, even as we uphold the inalienableand fundamental human rights of every person.Common interests and values are integral to U.S. Governmentcommunications. All outreach efforts and communicationsshould be infused with our values. Department and USAIDprograms and messages should also build on areas in which our expertise corresponds to the interests and needs of ourpartners and counterparts. Creating indigenous capacity—whether it is in health, education, free press, workforcetraining, agriculture, law enforcement, or governance—is key to long-term progress, the stable development of civilsociety, and firm and friendly bilateral/multilateral relationships.We will pay particular attention and devote resources to health and education—two major areas that human beingsacross the world care about most. We will further commit America to working in partnership with other nations toeradicate preventable diseases. We will use exchanges and a broad range of information programs to share expertiseand disseminate information. We will use conferences to focus attention on these areas, track progress, and publicizemajor initiatives. We will encourage greater collaboration between government agencies and foundations, NGOs, and health care organizations. American health programs that reinforce this goal include PEPFAR, efforts to reduce theimpact of malaria, increased emphasis on maternal and infant mortality, and efforts to improve water supplies.In the field of education, efforts will be made to expand educational programs across the board, including the professionaldevelopment of teachers, student and scholar exchanges, literacy training, and stimulation of critical thinking skills.We will foster mutual understanding through academic collaboration. Education also takes place outside of the classroomand other formal settings. We will offer after-school programs and summer camps and institutes, with a special focus onEnglish language ability, to offer youth job-related skills and improve their economic prospects. These programs will alsoopen windows on our shared values and the wider world of information. We will also expand horizons by sharing thebest of American culture, mitigating negative images and misunderstanding.Consular and Management CapabilitiesStrengthen consular and management capabilities._1ef88346-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a7The overarching goal of the Department of State and USAID in this area is to provide the best visa andAmerican citizen services possible that are compatible with our responsibilities for homeland security, andto ensure a high quality workforce, including locally employed staff, supported by modern secureinfrastructure and operational capabilities. When American citizens seek passports or emergency assistance overseas,they rely on the Department. Foreign visitors seeking to enter the United States meet the Department face-to-face whenU.S. consular officers conduct their visa interviews. Sound management and organizational excellence are essential tosupport our embassies, consulates, and USAID missions abroad. While remaining two separate organizations with distinctlegislative mandates and budgets, the Department and USAID will pursue opportunities to create more integratedmanagement structures where analyses demonstrate that such structures are cost-effective, efficient, and support ourmission. Such management reforms to date have been accomplished largely through the work of the State/USAID JointManagement Council (JMC), created in 2003 to provide a mechanism for facilitating change. Most of the inspection andaudit work carried out by the Department of State Office of Inspector General (OIG) is focused on the areas covered inthis strategic goal.Our strategic priorities cover nine main areas: Visa Services, Passports/American Citizen Services, Human Resources,Information Technology, Security, Facilities, Planning and Accountability, Administrative Services, and Rightsizing the U.S.Government Overseas Presence.Visa ServicesSafeguard U.S. borders through vigilance in adjudicating visas._1ef889ae-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a7.1The Department is responsible for safeguarding U.S. borders through vigilance in adjudicating visas.The Department must simultaneously balance security with facilitating legitimate travel. Consular officers around theworld process over seven million non-immigrant visa applications and nearly 700,000 immigrant visa applications eachyear. To welcome visitors who contribute materially to the U.S. economy and enrich American society in countless intangibleways, we strive to improve both efficiency and customer service. We employ modern tools, such as Web-based applicationforms and appointment systems, to manage workflow. Through initiatives like the Business Visa Center, Web chats withstudents in China, and dialogue with U.S. academic institutions, the Department communicates directly with the public athome and abroad.TechnologyUse new technologies, including facial recognition and biometric data collection, to detect fraud and individuals with false or multiple identities._1ef89048-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a7.1.1Partnerships and AgreementExpand interagency partnerships and develop agreements with other governments to share information and build real-time data links._1ef896ba-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a7.1.2Passports/American Citizen Services_1ef89f84-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a7.2American CitizensPassport ServicesComplete the transition to electronic passport production at all 17 domestic passport agencies._1ef8a6dc-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a7.2.1American CitizensThe new e-passport is a state-of-the-art citizenship and identity documentwhich exceeds international standards. By March 2007, we will have completed the transitionto electronic passport production at all 17 domestic passport agencies. Despite record-breakingdemand, Passport Services will continue to uphold high standards of customer service.American Citizen ServicesAssist Americans who reside overseas and who travel abroad._1ef8adb2-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a7.2.2American Citizens Resing OverseasAmerican Citizens Travelling AbroadAssisting approximately four million Americans who resideoverseas and nearly 60 million who travel abroad remains a top priority. Though consularwork is punctuated by extraordinary acts to help U.S. citizens during times of crisis or urgent need,it is built upon a foundation of services provided to an American public that increasingly lives, works, and learns in theglobal community.We will continue to improve the quality of and access to reliable information for travelers through our consular informationprogram and our Web site, travel.state.gov. We also have toll-free call centers to answer questions about the full rangeof consular services. Encouraging more Americans to use our expanded Internet-based Registration System is a majorobjective. We rely upon this tool to communicate directly with Americans abroad during crises, whether they stem fromnatural disasters, civil unrest, or terrorist attacks. During such crises, including evacuations, the Department takes allrequisite steps to protect and assist Americans. The Department will also fully implement the Hague Convention onIntercountry Adoption, and work tirelessly to prevent and resolve cases of international parental child abduction.Human ResourcesIntegrate systems and coordinate strategies to improve the skill base, diversity, and performance of our workforce._1ef8b65e-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a7.3Department of StateUSAIDForeign Service Institute (FSI)Where efficient and cost-effective, the Department, USAID, and the Foreign Service Institute (FSI)will integrate systems and coordinate strategies to improve the skill base, diversity, and performance of our workforce.USAID and FSI will continue to expand joint classroom and distance learning training opportunities in the areas ofleadership, crisis management, reconstruction and stabilization, foreign assistance, management and administration,foreign languages, and information technology (IT). USAID has designated FSI as its President’s Management Agenda(PMA) e-training service provider, and will leverage this strong partnership to further e-Government initiatives. We willcontinue to partner in our recruiting efforts with the aim of creating synergies and cost savings while attracting a diverse,multi-skilled workforce for the 21st century—a workforce that gives the Department and USAID the flexibility to respondquickly to constantly evolving needs and challenges around the world. We will also work together to facilitate theSecretary’s Global Diplomatic Repositioning initiative that will increase our presence in critical parts of the world. As agrowing percentage of USAID and Department employees reach retirement age, we will focus on career development,mentoring, and leadership training to retain talented mid-level employees and cultivate the next generation of leaders.Information TechnologyPursue five IT strategic goals over the next five years._1ef8bda2-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a7.4The Department and USAID require secure and modern IT to provide the information requiredfor effective diplomacy and development. To this end, we will pursue five IT strategic goals over the next five years:Information Management Tools, Sevices, and RepositoriesProvide the right information via state-of-the-art information managementtools, services, and repositories both internally to our employeesand to our e-Government partners, citizens, other U.S. Governmentagencies, private businesses, NGOs, and other governments._1ef8c482-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a7.4.1InfrastructureProvide worldwide access to information and systems via an integrated,continually refreshed infrastructure that extends to mobile end-userdevices, such as laptops, cell phones, blackberries, and wireless networks._1ef8cd9c-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a7.4.2Collaboration and Information SharingEnhance collaboration and information sharing with external partners and, through interagency connectivity, the entire foreign affairs community; participate in the expansion of government-wide applications and services underthe e-Government initiative._1ef8d512-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a7.4.3Security and InnovationBalance the need for security with the need for continuous innovation by developing a rapid and disciplined risk management process and a comprehensive flexible security architecture; develop a robust and fully tested plan for IT contingency operations for all Department and USAID locations._1ef8dc10-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a7.4.4Work Practices and WorkforcesProvide for more efficient work practices and effective IT workforces for both agencies by: strengthening IT skills;achieving established service levels; strengthening IT project management; and ensuring flexible, rapid, andconsistent IT governance. _1ef8e516-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a7.4.5Develop and implement an appropriate and cost-effective mix of U.S. direct hire, contractor, and locally employed staff to support IT requirements.SecurityEnsure a safe and secure environment for the successful conduct of U.S. foreign policy and global development efforts._1ef8eca0-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a7.5The Department and USAID are committed to ensuring a safe and secure environment for the successfulconduct of U.S. foreign policy and global development efforts. In the face of high threats, especially in Afghanistan andIraq, the Department and USAID are working together to provide the highest level of security for people, property, andinformation.Worldwide Security OperationsEnhance security globally through human, physical, and technical measures,including an increase of local guards, mobile security deployments, high threat protection teams, and command center operations._1ef8f3ee-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a7.5.1Transformational Diplomacy Security RequirementsProvide security to protect U.S. personnel operating beyond the traditional embassy and consulate environments, and to support new initiatives, improved IT, and locations required by transformational diplomacy._1ef8fcfe-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a7.5.2Global Diplomatic Repositioning and Security Preparedness Training:Provide security training and resources to address the challenges involved in moving hundreds of personnel to critical, often high risk locations in Africa, Asia,and the Middle East._1ef9049c-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a7.5.3Training requirements will address issues in the most restrictive security environments in the world, and include greater emphasis on safe haven and emergency medical usage, surveillance detection, defensivedriving, improvised explosive device (IED) awareness, and firearms familiarization.FacilitiesProvide secure, safe, and functional facilities at domestic and overseas posts. _1ef90bc2-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a7.6The Department and USAID goal is to provide secure, safe, and functional facilities at domestic and overseas posts. Domestically, the Department employs a long-range asset management plan to guide and improve its use of real estate. A master plan to modernize the Foggy Bottom campus in Washington, D.C., currently in progress, incorporates:a multi-phased renovation of the aging Harry S Truman building; co-location of bureaus; and relocation of organizationsrequiring proximity to headquarters. Construction of a new building for the U.S. Mission to the UN will consolidateseveral New York offices, reducing lease and security costs. This will be the Department’s first domestic building designedaccording to Interagency Security Criteria. Other projects will similarly incorporate office consolidation, modernization,security improvements, energy conservation, and environmental stewardship.Overseas, we are engaged in the most comprehensive overseas capital construction program in the history of theDepartment to replace 195 security-deficient embassies and consulates and co-locate all U.S. Government personnel.In the past five years, 54 embassies and consulates have been replaced or are under construction. As of the end ofNovember 2006, we have relocated 11,189 personnel. The Fiscal Year (FY) 2007 – 2012 Long-Range Overseas Building Plan projects replacing another 61 embassies andconsulates. The Department is a leader in the FederalGovernment-wide Real Property Initiative byincorporating best practices such as “lean”management, ensuring that new facilities are“green” with energy-efficient designs, encouraginginnovative design/build contracts, partnering withindustry, and maintaining transparency withstakeholders. USAID is a partner in this effort, as theDepartment includes USAID in new offices on all newembassy compounds.Planning and AccountabilityTo improve our accountability to the American taxpayers, the Department and USAID will improve financial performance and integrate budgeting with strategic and performance planning._1ef914f0-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a7.7Financial SystemsIntegrate financial systems. _1ef91cfc-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a7.7.1In FY 2006, the Department and USAID implemented a joint financial managementplatform, to which USAID has migrated all of its financial system users. As we move forward, the Department andUSAID will: evaluate a new joint link to Treasury that will ensure common data transfer from both organizations;implement a common interface with our OMB approved e-Travel provider; and explore new joint development andtesting opportunities.Joint Assistance Management SystemDevelop a Joint Assistance Management System (JAMS) to manage grants, cooperative agreements, and other forms of Federal financial assistance._1ef92454-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a7.7.2USAID and the Department are developing a Joint Assistance ManagementSystem (JAMS) to manage grants, cooperative agreements, and other forms of Federal financial assistance.This requires standardization of business processes throughout and between both organizations. JAMS will managethe life-cycle of assistance activities, from solicitation to award, through post-award monitoring and closeout.The system will be integrated with the Department’s and USAID’s financial systems and, through them, to theDepartment of Health and Human Services’ Payment Management System. Together, the Department and USAIDaward over $10 billion in assistance per year.Strategic and Performance PlanningRe-engineer planning processes to align more closely our diplomatic and assistance priorities._1ef92e0e-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a7.7.3Planning is critical to achieve our foreign policy goals and to ensureaccountability to Congress and the American people. The Department and USAID are re-engineering planningprocesses to align more closely our diplomatic and assistance priorities. Mission Strategic Plans (MSPs) will providethe overarching foreign policy basis for U.S. embassy and consulate activities for the budget year and beyond.Country Operational Plans will detail the use of foreign assistance funds for the implementation year. We will alsolook to integrate further the MSP and Country Operational Plan processes and underlying systems. The goals setforth in this joint Strategic Plan will serve as the basis for these annual plans.Financial ServicesImplement a single, integrated financial system to provide world-class financial services on a global scale utilizing a single integrated financial system. _1ef9371e-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a7.7.4The Department will implement a single, integrated financial system to provideworld-class financial services on a global scale utilizing a single integrated financial system. This system will enhancethe timeliness of financial information to facilitate analysis and decision-making by offering Direct Connect, online,real-time access to users with reliable and practical network connections. Where network connections are insufficient,the Department will replace the existing overseas feeder systems with an enhanced feeder system that has the samelook and feel of Direct Connect, provides more features, and will readily support future enhancements.Administrative ServicesProvide premier administrative and information support services to further U.S. Government foreign policy and foreign assistance goals by continually improving customer assistance and satisfaction._1ef94006-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a7.8The Department and USAID will provide premier administrative and information supportservices to further U.S. Government foreign policy and foreign assistance goals by continually improving customerassistance and satisfaction.Overseas, the Department and USAID intend to merge selected administrative support functions. Domestically, theDepartment has begun to re-engineer and consolidate administrative functions into service centers that will each providespecialized support to several bureaus, thus improving service delivery and making better use of resources. We will relyon performance metrics, adoption of best practices, competitive sourcing, and transparency to ensure the success of thesecustomer-oriented service centers. The Department and USAID are developing joint systems that will improve variousadministrative functions, including assistance grants. In addition, the Department and USAID will continue to provideopportunities for small businesses, including minority-owned institutions, to increase their participation in competitivelysourced activities.We will also participate in developing policies and practices to implement the “Information Sharing Environment,” agovernment-wide effort to share terrorism information across U.S. federal, state, local, tribal, and foreign governments.Rightsizing/RegionalizationImplement the President’s Management Agenda (PMA) initiative onOverseas Rightsizing._1ef94ad8-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a7.9Office of Rightsizing the United States Government Overseas PresenceThe Department’s Office of Rightsizing the United States Government Overseas Presence isa Congressionally-mandated office responsible for implementing the President’s Management Agenda (PMA) initiative onOverseas Rightsizing. This office is responsible for conducting rightsizing studies on all U.S. missions worldwide on a rollingfive-year basis, and reviewing and approving the staffing projections for all capital construction projects. The rightsizingprocess includes: analyzing all mission activities to identify duplicative functions; analyzing competitive sourcing todetermine whether it is in the U.S. Government interest to retain support services in house or to outsource them; examiningthe feasibility of converting U.S. direct-hire positions to locally employed staff; and regionalizing functions that need not beperformed at post. Through the Joint Management Council, the Department and USAID have agreed to consolidate thoseadministrative support functions at posts where the two agencies are or will be co-located when cost analyses demonstratethat consolidation to a single service provider is more cost effective to the respective agencies and the U.S. Government,and where quality services can be maintained. These efforts will result in the significant elimination of duplicative activityand redundant staff—particularly U.S. direct-hire staff, and strengthen both agencies’ regionalization efforts. This process,which is intended to result in the consolidation of some administrative functions at approximately half the posts where boththe Department and USAID are present by the end of FY 2007, is planned to continue as new embassy compounds comeonline in subsequent fiscal years. It is also projected to save both agencies scarce resources by avoiding construction costsfor separate annexes as well as ongoing personnel and related costs, and will simultaneously improve customer service. Animportant part of this effort is focused on consolidating regional administrative platforms—both those in the United Statesthat support overseas functions and those in the field that service a number of posts from a regional center.Office of Inspector GeneralPromote effective management, accountability, and positive change._1ef954f6-b079-11df-af06-82747a64ea2a7.10Office of Inspector General at the Department of StateOffice of Inspector General at USAIDThe Offices of the Inspector General at the Department of State and USAID promoteeffective management, accountability, and positive change in their respective organizations. The State OIG advances themissions of the Department, the BBG, and the foreign affairs community by conducting independent audits, inspections,and investigations. USAID’s OIG conducts independent audits and investigations of USAID, the MCC, the AfricanDevelopment Foundation (ADF), and the Inter-American Foundation (IAF). The OIGs provide leadership and offer expertassistance to promote integrity, efficiency, effectiveness, and economy; to prevent and detect waste, fraud, abuse, andmismanagement; and to identify vulnerabilities and recommend constructive solutions that improve Department, USAID,BBG, MCC, ADF, and IAF operations.2006-10-012012-09-302010-08-25http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/86291.pdfOwenAmburOwen.Ambur@verizon.net